乡下老家前面的空地,租给人家种桃花心木的树苗。树苗种下来后,植树人总是隔几天才来浇 水。他来的天数并没有规则,有时三天,有时五天,有时十几天来一次。浇水的量也不一定,有时浇 得多,有时浇得少。桃花心木有时就莫名地枯萎了,所以,他来的时候总会带几株树苗补种。

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问题    乡下老家前面的空地,租给人家种桃花心木的树苗。树苗种下来后,植树人总是隔几天才来浇 水。他来的天数并没有规则,有时三天,有时五天,有时十几天来一次。浇水的量也不一定,有时浇 得多,有时浇得少。桃花心木有时就莫名地枯萎了,所以,他来的时候总会带几株树苗补种。我起先 以为他太懒,隔那么久才为树浇水。但是,懒的人焦么会知道有几棵树枯萎了呢?他说:“种树是百 年基业,所以树木自己要学会在土地里找水源。我浇水只是模仿老天下雨,老天下雨是算不准。如 果无法在这种不确定中汲水生长,树苗很自然就枯萎了。但是,只要在不确定中找到水源,拼命扎根 的树,长成百年的大树就不成问题了。”  

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答案In front of my old country house, a piece of uncultivated land was rented to others to plant mahogany trees. After the tree saplings were planted, the planter would come over to water them once every few days.His visits were on an irregular basis, an interval of three, sometimes five, or even a dozen of days. Theamount of water he used for watering also varied from time to time, sometimes more, sometimes less. Some mahogany saplings would then be found withered. Hence, whenever he came by, he would bring a few youngplants to replace the withered ones. At first, I took him for a lazy man, someone who’s too casual to take to heart the time to attend to his seedlings. However, how could someone like that know exactly how many plants were there withering?

解析 本段翻译中涉及增词法、词性转换法等翻译技巧。句中多次出现“树苗’’这一关键词,为了避免重复可分别译成saplings,seedlings,young plants。第三句中的“天数没有规则”为主谓表达,但英文多用名词和形容词,这里需进行词性转换。在翻译“有时三天,有时五天”时采用增词法,添加interval一词,这样可以将语义表达清楚、完整。翻译时也涉及到“反译法”,将否定句转换成肯定句译出,这样的表达既简洁又忠实原文。此外,在个别地方需要进行意译,例如“补种”,即“替换枯死的树苗”之意。
   这段材料选自林清玄的《桃花心木》,题材有关种树育人之道,是议论文体,语言简洁精炼。翻译时应注意语句之间的衔接,分清内容的主次。
   1.“空地”译成uncultivated land。
   2.“桃花心木”为mahogany trees。
   3.“树苗”所对应的应为saplings或seedlings,由于该词在文中多次出现,不同地方可以选择不同的词以避免重复。
   4.“他来的天数并没有规则”译成His visits were on an irregular basis。
   5.“有时三天,有时五天”翻译时要增添词汇interval,表示时间间隔。
   6.“浇水的量也不一定”采取反译法,将原来的否定句转化为具有“否定”含义的肯定句译出The amount of water he used for watering also varied from time to time。
   7.“补种”可以意译为replace the withered ones,忠实原文。
   8.“以为他太懒”进行词性转换,译成took him for a lazy man。
   9.“隔那么久才为树浇水”可以按照第三句中提到的天数翻译,但会造成重复,因此这里可以意译,即不关注时间too casual to take to heart the time。
   10.“为树浇水”可以直接译成water his seedlings,或像译文里给出的那样译成attend to his seedlings。
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