The idea that music makes you smarter has received considerable attention from scholars and the media. Current interest in【C1】__

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问题    The idea that music makes you smarter has received considerable attention from scholars and the media. Current interest in【C1】______between music and intelligence stems from two independent areas of research. One focuses on short-term effects of【C2】______listening to music. The other is on a separate【C3】______of research, which examines whether music lessons have【C4】______benefits that extend to non-musical areas of cognition. Such【C5】______could be unique to children who take music lessons for long periods of time【C6】______their experiences differ substantially from those of other children. Music lessons【C7】_______long periods of focused attention, memorization of【C8】______musical passages, learning about a variety of musical structures, and【C9】______mastery of technical skills and the conventions【C10】______the expression of emotions in performance. This【C11】______of experiences could have a positive impact on cognition, particularly during the childhood years, when brain development is highly【C12】______and sensitive to environmental influence.
   Previous findings are【C13】______with the hypothesis that music lessons promote intellectual development. For example, natural musical gifts is associated with literacy.【C14】______correlational and experimental studies【C15】______that music lessons have positive relations with verbal memory, reading ability, selective attention, and mathematics achievement.【C16】______, the simplest explanation of these【C17】______relations is that they come from a common component, such as general intelligence. Put simply, children【C18】______high IQs are more likely than other children to take music lessons. To conclude that music lessons have a causal relation with IQ that is【C19】______to music, one must rule【C20】______potentially confusing factors such as socioeconomic status, and education, and demonstrate that non-musical, extracurricular activities do not have comparable effects on IQ.
【C4】

选项 A、incidental
B、occasional
C、proven
D、limited

答案A

解析 本题考查形容词辨析。观察本句,空格处填入的形容词修饰benefits,说明音乐课程带来的______的益处。that定语从句中指出这种益处是作用于“非音乐领域”的,incidental“附带发生的,非有意的”,在文中表示音乐课程对非音乐领域的认知带来附带益处,符合文意,所以A正确。limited benefits指“有限的益处”,从文中无法推出;proven benefits指“被证实的益处”,与表示不确定的whether相矛盾;occasional“临时的,偶尔的”表频率,也不符合题意。
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