首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
"There is one and only one social responsibility of business," wrote Milton Friedman, a Nobel prize-winning economist, "That is,
"There is one and only one social responsibility of business," wrote Milton Friedman, a Nobel prize-winning economist, "That is,
admin
2017-12-11
51
问题
"There is one and only one social responsibility of business," wrote Milton Friedman, a Nobel prize-winning economist, "That is, to use its resources and engage in activities designed to increase its profits." But even if you accept Friedman’s premise and regard corporate social responsibility(CSR)policies as a waste of shareholders’ money, things may not be absolutely clear-cut. New research suggests that CSR may create monetary value for companies—at least when they are prosecuted for corruption.
The largest firms in America and Britain together spend more than $ 15 billion a year on CSR, according to an estimate by EPG, a consulting firm. This could add value to their businesses in three ways. First, consumers may take CSR spending as a "signal" that a company’s products are of high quality. Second, customers may be willing to buy a company’s products as an indirect way to donate to the good causes it helps. And third, through a more diffuse "halo effect," whereby its good deeds earn it greater consideration from consumers and others.
Previous studies on CSR have had trouble differentiating these effects because consumers can be affected by all three. A recent study attempts to separate them by looking at bribery prosecutions under America’s Foreign Corrupt Practices Act(FCPA). It argues that since prosecutors do not consume a company’s products as part of their investigations, they could be influenced only by the halo effect.
The study found that, among prosecuted firms, those with the most comprehensive CSR programmes tended to get
more lenient
penalties. Their analysis ruled out the possibility that it was firms’ political influence, rather than their CSR stand, that accounted for the leniency: Companies that contributed more to political campaigns did not receive lower fines.
In all, the study concludes that whereas prosecutors should only evaluate a case based on its merits, they do seem to be influenced by a company’s record in CSR. "We estimate that either eliminating a substantial labour-rights concern, such as child labour, or increasing corporate giving by about 20% results in fines that generally are 40% lower than the typical punishment for bribing foreign officials," says one researcher.
Researchers admit that their study does not answer the question of how much businesses ought to spend on CSR. Nor does it reveal how much companies are banking on the halo effect, rather than the other possible benefits, when they decide their do-gooding policies. But at least they have demonstrated that when companies get into trouble with the law, evidence of good character can win them a less costly punishment.
According to Paragraph 2, CSR helps a company by
选项
A、winning trust from consumers.
B、guarding it against malpractices.
C、protecting it from being defamed.
D、raising the quality of its products.
答案
A
解析
细节题。根据题干关键词Paragraph 2定位到第二段。第二段中提到CSR对企业的三个 好处,分别是first,second,third,所以答案可能在三个细节中。文章第三点提到And third,through a more diffuse“halo effect,”whereby its good deeds earn it greater consideration from consumers and others.可知A项“赢得消费者的信任”符合题意,为正确答案。B项“防范公司舞弊”和C项“保 护公司免受诽谤”均不符合题意。D项“提高公司产品的质量”与第一点意思不符,故排除。
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/ivX7FFFM
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
Mammalsvaryenormouslyinsize,fromweighinglessthanapennytomeasuringmorethanthreeschoolbusesinlength.Somegroup
Ifyouhavehighbloodpressure,you’reingood【C1】______.Hypertensionaffects67millionAmericans,includingnearlytwo-third
Ifyouhavehighbloodpressure,you’reingood【C1】______.Hypertensionaffects67millionAmericans,includingnearlytwo-third
Britain’sprivateschoolsareoneofitsmostsuccessfulexports.Thechildrenofthewealthy【C1】______tothem,whetherfromChi
Lookatyoursmartphone.Thinkaboutthedecisionsyouwillmakeonittoday.Youmaysnatchadinner【C1】______,tellyourspous
Lookatyoursmartphone.Thinkaboutthedecisionsyouwillmakeonittoday.Youmaysnatchadinner【C1】______,tellyourspous
Lookatyoursmartphone.Thinkaboutthedecisionsyouwillmakeonittoday.Youmaysnatchadinner【C1】______,tellyourspous
America’seconomyiscertainlyinatenderstate.Butthepessimismofthepresidentialslanging-matchmissessomethingvital.L
Foraquarterofacentury,surveysofreadinghabitsbytheNationalfortheArts(NEA),afederally-fundedbody,havebeenfavo
Ifyou’relikemostpeople,you’rewaytoosmartforadvertising.Youfliprightpastnewspaperadsandneverclickonadsonlin
随机试题
Herpassionatevoicewasalwaysinfluentialand______.
饮酒加吸烟可使口腔癌危险性增加
急性胃穿孔应选用的检查方法是
直流设备主要包括充电和浮充电设备、开关设备和保护设备。
下列各项中,属于个人所得税中居民纳税人的有()。
根据以下资料,回答下列问题。某市2010年全年实现农业增加值124.3亿元,比上年下降1.6%。粮食播种面积22.3万公顷,比上年减少0.3万公顷;粮食产量115.7万吨,比上年下降7.3%。全市农业观光园1303个,比上年增加9个;观光园总
下列表述中,错误的是:
从天然气或原油中获取的燃料气体,可以称为:
在法庭的被告中,被指控偷盗、抢劫的定罪率要远高于被指控贪污、受贿的定罪率。其重要原因是后者能聘请收费昂贵的私人律师,而前者主要由法庭指定的律师辩护。以下哪项如果为真,最能支持题干的叙述?
Microsoftisaworld-knowncorporationanditsmainproductissoftware.ThemanwhowillsoonbecomeMicrosoft’snewchief【B1】
最新回复
(
0
)