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  3. The automobile is the greatest consumer of public and personal space. In Los Angeles, the automobile town, Barbara Ward found th

The automobile is the greatest consumer of public and personal space. In Los Angeles, the automobile town, Barbara Ward found th

admin2010-05-09  30
问题     The automobile is the greatest consumer of public and personal space. In Los Angeles, the automobile town, Barbara Ward found that 60 to 70 percent of the space is devoted to cars. The cars gobble up spaces in which people might meet.
    There are additional consequences of this syndrome that are worth considering. Not only do people no longer wish to walk, but it is not possible to find a place to walk. This makes people flabby and cut them off from each other. When people walk, they get to know each other if only by sight. With automobiles the opposite is true. The dirt, noise, exhaust, parked cars, and smog have made the urban outdoors too unpleasant. In addition, most people agree that the flabby muscles and reduced circulation of blood that come from lack of regular exercise make man much more prone to heart attacks.
    Yet there is no inherent incompatibility between man in an urban setting and the automobile. It’s all a matter of proper planning which separate cars from people. There are already numerous examples of how this can be done by imaginative planning.
    Paris is known as a city in which the outdoors has been made attractive and where it is not only possible but pleasurable to stretch one’s legs, breathe, sniff the air, and "take in" the people and the city. The sidewalks along the Champs-Elysée engender a wonderful expansive feeling associated with a hundred-foot separation of one’s self and the traffic. It is noteworthy that the little streets and alleys too narrow to accept most vehicles not only provide variety but are a constant reminder of that Paris is for people. Venice is without doubt one of the most wonderfully satisfying cities in the world with an almost universal appeal. The most striking features of Venice are the absence of vehicular traffic, the variety of spaces, and the wonderful shops. Florence, is a stimulating city for the pedestrian. The automobile does not fit in with the design of Florence and if the townspeople were to ban vehicular traffic from the centre of the town, the transformation would be extraordinary.
    The automobile not only seals its occupants in a metal and glass cocoon, cutting them off from the outside world, but it has a way of actually decreasing the sense of movement through space, not only because of insulation from road surface and noise but of its visual as well. The driver in the free way moves in a stream of traffic while visual detail at close distance is blurred by speed.
According to the passage, what problems are brought about by the automobile?
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答案consumption of space，making people flabby and cutting people off from each other
解析 参见文章的第1段和第2段，分别谈到了汽车占据太大空间，以及此种情况带来的后果：人身体的疾病以及人与人关系的隔膜。
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