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  3. Judging from recent surveys, most experts in sleep behavior agree that there is virtually an epidemic of sleepiness in the natio

Judging from recent surveys, most experts in sleep behavior agree that there is virtually an epidemic of sleepiness in the natio

admin2012-10-11  27
问题     Judging from recent surveys, most experts in sleep behavior agree that there is virtually an epidemic of sleepiness in the nation. "I can’t think of a single study that hasn’t found Americans getting less sleep than they ought to," says Dr. David, "even people who think they are sleeping enough would properly be better off with more rest."
    The beginning of our sleep-deficit crisis can be traced to the invention of the light bulb a century ago. From diary entries and other personal accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries, sleep scientists have reached the conclusion that the average person used to sleep about 9.5 hours a night. "The best sleep habits once were forced on us, when we had nothing to do in the evening down on the farm, and it was dark." By the 1950s and 1960s, the sleep schedule had been reduced dramatically, to between 7.5 and 8 hours, and most people had to wake to an alarm clock. "People cheat on their sleep, and they don’t even realize they’re doing it." Says Dr. David. "They think they’re ok because they can get by on 6.5 hours, when they really need 7.5, 8 or even more to feel ideally vigorous."
    Perhaps the most merciless robber of sleep, researchers say, is the complexity of the day. Whenever pressures from work, family, friends and community mount, many people consider sleep the least expensive item on his program. "In our society, you’re considered dynamic if you say you only need 5.5 hours’ sleep. If you’ve got to get 8.5 hours, people think you lack drive and ambition."
    To determine the consequences of sleep deficit, researchers have put subjects through a set of psychological and performance tests requiring them, for instance, to add columns of numbers or recall a passage read to them only minutes earlier. "We’ve found that if you’re in sleep deficit, performance suffers," says Dr. David. "Short-term memory is weakened, as are abilities to make decisions and to concentrate."
It can be concluded from the passage that one should sleep as many hours as is necessary to ______.
选项 A、improve one’s memory dramatically
B、be considered dynamic by other people
C、maintain one’s daily schedule
D、feel energetic and perform adequately
答案D
解析 推理题。文章最后一句概括了睡眠不足会带来的后果，包括表现不佳，记忆力减退，影响决策力和难以集中注意力。由此推断出D项在4个选项中表述最全面。
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