2. 外语
  3. Since the Airline Deregulation Act of 1978, major airline companies in the United States have cut their employee ranks by more t

Since the Airline Deregulation Act of 1978, major airline companies in the United States have cut their employee ranks by more t

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问题 Since the Airline Deregulation Act of 1978, major airline companies in the United States have cut their employee ranks by more than 3,000 persons. Thus, although deregulated competition has afforded consumers dramatically lower fares, the economy of the United States has been harmed by deregulation of the airlines. The argument above would be most seriously weakened if it were true that
选项 A、a poll of people in the United States expressed exceptionally strong support for airline deregulation.
B、fewer passengers now travel on commercial airlines than traveled on them in 1978, with the consequence that fewer employees are needed to operate the airlines than were needed in 1978.
C、airlines now fly a more restricted regular schedule of routes than they did in 1978, with the consequence that the industry is more highly concentrated and competitive than it was before 1978.
D、several major airlines now enjoy significantly higher profits and levels of employment than they did in the years preceding the Deregulation Act.
E、smaller carriers of passengers have thrived as a result of deregulation and now provide more new jobs than the major airlines have eliminated since 1978.
答案E
解析 本题的推理为“因为major airline companies削减了3000多名雇员，所以美国的经济受到了损害”，因此答案应与“人数”有关，或与“经济”有关。不妨做逆向思维，上述推理要想成立的一个隐含假设是“小的航空公司没有增加雇员或增加雇员少于3000人”。反对多反对隐含假设。(E)指出小企业由于放松管制提供了3000多人的就业机会，就直接驳斥了推理中A的可行性，所以(E)为正确答案；(D)中的“several”为个案，并且有可能(D)中所说内容已经包括在原因之中了，所以对段落推理起不到任何作用；(A)的民意调查与推理无关；(B)、(C)均做了无关比较，所以都不可能是正确答案。
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