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  3. A recent study published in the journal Applied Physiology, Nutrition and Metabolism has some very exciting findings in the figh

A recent study published in the journal Applied Physiology, Nutrition and Metabolism has some very exciting findings in the figh

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问题     A recent study published in the journal Applied Physiology, Nutrition and Metabolism has some very exciting findings in the fight against memory loss and dementia. The World Health Organization (WHO) says that around 50 million people worldwide have dementia. Currently, there’s no treatment or cure for dementia or even a way to alter its progression. That makes preventative treatments even more exciting. Thankfully, numerous new treatments are being investigated, which are at various stages of clinical trials. So it’s not all doom and gloom.
    Although there is no cure, there are several things that can be done to support and improve the lives of individuals who have dementia, including: early diagnosis in order to promote early and optimal management; optimizing physical health, cognition, activity and well-being; identifying and treating accompanying physical illness; detecting and treating challenging behavioral and psychological symptoms; providing information and long-term support to carers.
    And movement and exercise play a role in brain health. Exercise affects the brain in many ways. To start with, exercise generally increases your heart rate, which in turn pumps more oxygen to the brain. Exercise aids the release of hormones, which provide an excellent environment for the growth of new brain cells. Exercise also promotes brain plasticity by stimulating the growth of new connections between cells in many important cortical areas of the brain. Research from UCLA even demonstrated that exercise increased growth factors in the brain, which makes it easier for the brain to grow new neuronal connections.
    While researchers are still trying to determine the exact critical factors that make exercise so good for the brain, the focus seems to be narrowing in on increased blood flow to the brain, surges of growth hormones, and massive expansion of the brain’s network of blood vessels.
    Canadian researchers at McMaster University examined the impact of exercise on the brain. Their new study suggests that the intensity at which we get more movement and exercise in our lives is critical. In their research, they found that seniors who exercised using "short bursts of activity" saw an improvement of up to 30 percent in their memory performance, while participants who worked out at a steady-state, moderate level saw no improvement.
    Jennifer Heisz, the lead author of the study, quoted in Science Daily, says, "There is urgent need for interventions that reduce dementia risk in healthy older adults. This work will help to inform the public on exercise prescriptions for brain health, so they know exactly what types of exercises boost memory and keep dementia at bay."
Which of the following measures is said to help those with dementia?
选项 A、Offering adequate information and constant encouragement to patients.
B、Making medical diagnosis at the full-blown stage of the symptoms.
C、Spotting dementia-related physical and psychological symptoms.
D、Hiring professional care-givers to attend to the patients.
答案C
解析 根据题干关键信息measures和to help those with dementia可定位至文章第二段。该段首句指出there are several things that can be done to support and improve the lives of individuals who have dementia(可以采取多种措施来支持和改善痴呆症患者的生活)，紧接着说明具体措施包含：(1)尽早诊断，以便进行早期和最佳的治疗；(2)优化身体健康、认知、活动和幸福感；(3)识别并治疗并发症；(4)发现和治疗具有挑战性的行为和心理症状；(5)为护理人员提供信息和长期支持。将原文信息和四个选项进行对比判定，选项C的说法与第3和第4点中包含的信息一致，为正确答案。第二段中提供的最后一个措施是providing information and long-term support to carers (为护理人员提供信息和长期支持)，并非选项A中的给患者提供充分的信息，故选项A应排除。第二段中提供的第一个措施是early diagnosis in order to promote early and optimal management (尽早诊断，以便进行早期和最佳的治疗)，选项B为在症状成熟期再进行诊断，应排除。选项D“雇用专业护理人员来照看病人”原文并未提及，也应排除。
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