2. 考研
  3. In the United States, the first day nursery, was opened in 1854. Nurseries were established in various areas during the【C1】_____

In the United States, the first day nursery, was opened in 1854. Nurseries were established in various areas during the【C1】_____

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问题     In the United States, the first day nursery, was opened in 1854. Nurseries were established in various areas during the【C1】______half of the 19th century; most of【C2】______were charitable. Both in Europe and in the U.S., the day nursery movement received great【C3】______during the First World War, when【C4】______of manpower caused the industrial employment of unprecedented numbers of women. In some European countries nurseries were established【C5】______in munitions plants, under direct government sponsorship. 【C6】______the number of nurseries in the U.S. also rose【C7】______, this rise was accomplished without government aid of any kind. During the years following the First World War, 【C8】______, federal State and local governments gradually began to exercise a measure of control【C9】______the day nurseries, chiefly by【C10】______them and by inspecting and regulating the conditions within the nurseries.
    The【C11】______of the Second World War was quickly followed by an increase in the number of day nurseries in almost all countries, as women were【C12】______called up on to replace men in the factories. On this【C13】______the U.S. government immediately came to the support of the nursery schools, 【C14】______$6,000,000 in July, 1942, for a nursery school program for the children of working mothers. Many States and local communities【C15】______this Federal aid. By the end of the war, in August, 1945, more than 100,000 children were being cared【C16】______in daycare centers receiving Federal【C17】______. Soon afterward, the Federal government【C18】______cut down its expenditures for this purpose and later【C19】______them, causing a sharp drop in the number of nursery schools in operation. However, the expectation that most employed mothers would leave their【C20】______at the end of the war was only partly fulfilled.
【C4】
选项 A、sources
B、abundance
C、shortage
D、reduction
答案C
解析 根据空格后“各产业雇佣女职员的数量超过以往”，可推断是由于战争造成劳动力匮乏，才大量招收女工，故选C项shortage“缺乏”。
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