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  3. It is a wise father that knows his own child, but today a man can boost his paternal (fatherly) wisdom— or at least confirm that

It is a wise father that knows his own child, but today a man can boost his paternal (fatherly) wisdom— or at least confirm that

admin2021-01-06  5
问题     It is a wise father that knows his own child, but today a man can boost his paternal (fatherly) wisdom— or at least confirm that he’s the kid’s dad. All he needs to do is shell out $30 for paternity testing kit (PTK) at his local drugstore—and another $120 to get the results.
    More than 60,000 people have purchased the PTKs since they first became available without prescriptions last year, according to Doug Fogg, chief operating officer of Identigene, which makes the over-the-counter kits. More than two dozen companies sell DNA tests directly to the public, ranging in price from a few hundred dollars to more than $ 2,500.
    Among the most popular: paternity and kinship testing, which adopted children can use to find their biological relatives and families can use to track down kids put up for adoption. DNA testing is also the latest rage among passionate genealogists—and supports businesses that offer to search for a family’s geographic roots.
    Most tests require collecting cells by swabbing saliva in the mouth and sending it to the company for testing. All tests require a potential candidate with whom to compare DNA.
    But some observers are skeptical. "There is a kind of false precision being hawked by people claiming they are doing ancestry testing," says Troy Duster, a New York University sociologist. He notes that each individual has many ancestors—numbering in the hundreds just a few centuries back. Yet most ancestry testing only considers a single lineage, either the Y chromosome inherited through men in a father’s line or mitochondrial DNA, which is passed down only from mothers. This DNA can reveal genetic information about only one or two ancestors, even though, for example, just three generations back people also have six other great-grandparents or, four generations back, 14 other great-great-grandparents.
    Critics also argue that commercial genetic testing is only as good as the reference collections to which a sample is compared. Databases used by some companies don’t rely on data collected systematically but rather lump together information from different research projects. This means that a DNA database may have a lot of data from some regions and not others, so a person’s test results may differ depending on the company that processes the results. In addition, the computer programs a company uses to estimate relationships may be patented and not subject to peer review or outside evaluation.
选项 A、easy availability
B、flexibility in pricing
C、successful promotion
D、popularity with households
答案A
解析 本题问的是：文章的第一段和第二段表现了PTK的什么?各选项的意思分别是：A．易得性，B．价格的灵活性，C．成功的推广，D．受到家庭的欢迎．文中第一段最后一句话指出“只需花30美元在当地药房购买PTK”，第二段说“自从去年不需要处方即可购买之后，已经超过6万人购买了PTK……有超过12家公司直接向公众兜售DNA测试服务”。由此可以看出文中多处体现出了PTK的易得性。因此正确答案是A。B项关于价格的灵活性的问题只在第二段最后一句有所体现。C项文中没有提到，D项属于过度推断，文中并未完全表达。
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