2. 外语
  3. Judging from recent surveys, most experts in sleep behavior agree that there is virtually an epidemic (流行病) of sleepiness in the

Judging from recent surveys, most experts in sleep behavior agree that there is virtually an epidemic (流行病) of sleepiness in the

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问题     Judging from recent surveys, most experts in sleep behavior agree that there is virtually an epidemic (流行病) of sleepiness in the nation. "I can’t think of a single study that hasn’t found Americans getting less sleep than they ought to," says Dr. David. Even people who think they are sleeping enough would probably be better off with more rest.
    The beginning of our sleep-deficit (睡眠不足) crisis can be traced to the invention of the light bulb a century ago. From diary entries and other personal accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries, sleep scientists have reached the conclusion that the average person used to sleep about 9. 5 hours a night. "The best sleep habits once were forced on us, when we had nothing to do in the evening down on the farm, and it was dark. " By the 1950s and 1960s, that sleep schedule had been reduced dramatically, to between 7. 5 and eight hours, and most people had to wake to an alarm clock. "People cheat on their sleep, and they don’t even realize they’re doing it," says Dr. David. "They think they’re okay because they can get by on 6. 5 hours, when they really need 7.5, eight or even more to feel ideally vigorous."
    Perhaps the most merciless robber of sleep, researchers say, is the complexity of the day. Whenever pressures from work, family, friends and community mount, many people consider sleep the least expensive item on his programme. "In our society, you’re considered dynamic if you say you only need 5. 5 hours’ sleep. If you’ve got to get 8. 5 hours, people think you lack drive and ambition."
    To determine the consequences of sleep deficit, researchers have put subjects through a set of psychological and performance tests requiring them, for instance, to add columns of numbers or recall a passage read to them only minutes earlier. "We’ve found that if you’re in sleep deficit, performance suffers," says Dr. David. "Short-term memory is weakened, as are abilities to make decisions and to concentrate."
It can be concluded from the passage that one should sleep as many hours as is necessary to_________.
选项 A、improve one’s memory dramatically
B、be considered dynamic by other people
C、maintain one’s daily schedule
D、feel energetic and perform adequately
答案D
解析 由题干中“one should sleep as many hours as is necessary to”可以定位到文中最后一段的最后两句话。这两句话分别提到睡眠不足表现会很糟糕；短时记忆力会变弱，做决定和集中注意力的能力也会减弱。由此可知睡眠充足会精力充沛、表现好。   
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大学英语四级

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