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  3. The struggle to succeed in one of the world’s most competitive societies is starting earlier and earlier, and is most evident in

The struggle to succeed in one of the world’s most competitive societies is starting earlier and earlier, and is most evident in

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问题     The struggle to succeed in one of the world’s most competitive societies is starting earlier and earlier, and is most evident in the growing popularity of special schools that train students during evenings and weekends to pass the examinations required to enter private schools and colleges. Once on the edge of the educational system, such schools, or jukus, are now so common in Japan that, especially for those people at the top level of society, they have begun to replace regular schools in importance for parents and students and even reaching down to 2 and 3-year-old children.
    The rise of jukus is praised by some as one of the secrets of Japanese success, a healthy sign of a system where people advance on the basis of merit. It is also criticized as a movement forcing a new generation of Japanese to sacrifice their childhood out of an extreme desire for status and getting ahead.
    The people who run and teach at jukus say the schools are popular only because they work, creating a lively and interesting environment in which students learn because they are enjoying themselves. One of the most prestigious jukus for 2 and 3-year-olds sends most of its pre-kindergarten graduates to prestigious elementary schools. If these students get good grades in a prestigious school, they can advance all the way to a university without having to take examinations.
    Jukus defenders say that students are only gaining the discipline and the ability to endure pressure that they will need in life. But the very success of jukus in training youngsters to pass exams has made the competition worse: jukus help more students pass exams, so the exams have to be made more difficult.
    " Jukus are raising a generation of kids who only know how to pass entrance examinations," said an official of the Japan Teachers Union. " But the most important educational purpose is giving children the ability to live in society.That’s being left out." The Education Ministry has tried to combat the juku system by improving public schools, reducing class sizes, improving teacher training, and making the curriculum more flexible. But ministry officials concede that those steps have not worked.
According to the passage, jukus______.
选项 A、are praised as key to Japanese success by the majority of the Japanese society
B、are welcome because they create a better environment than public schools
C、are criticized because they are not so effective as they boast
D、are popular because the society is very competitive
答案D
解析
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