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  3. Aging poses a serious challenge to OECD (Organization of Economic Co-operation and Development) countries, in particular, how to

Aging poses a serious challenge to OECD (Organization of Economic Co-operation and Development) countries, in particular, how to

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问题     Aging poses a serious challenge to OECD (Organization of Economic Co-operation and Development) countries, in particular, how to pay for future public pension liabilities. And early retirement places an【B1】______burden on pension financing. There is no easy solution, but 【B2】______retirement could help.
    Early retirement may seem like a worthy individual goal, but it is a socially【B3】______one, and makes the present public pension system difficult to sustain for long. The【B4】______reason is that more people are retiring early and living longer. That means more retirees depending on the 【B5】______of those in work for their income. The【B6】______is worrying. In the next 50 years, low fertility rates and【B7】______life expectancy in OECD countries will cause this old-age dependency rate to roughly double【B8】______size. Public pension payments, which afford 30-80% of total retirement incomes in OECD countries, are【B9】______to rise, on average, by over three percentage points in GDP and by as much as eight percentage points in some countries.【B10】______is the pressure on pension funds that there is a danger of today’s workers not getting the pensions they expected or felt they【B11】______for.
    Action is needed,【B12】______simply aiming to reduce the【B13】______(and cost) of public pensions, or trying to【B14】______the role of privately funded pensions within the system, though necessary steps, may be【B15】______to deal with the dependency challenge. After years of【B16】______early retirement schemes to avoid【B17】______and higher unemployment, many governments are now looking【B18】______persuading people to stay in work until they are older. Surely, the thinking goes, if we are healthier now and jobs are physically less【B19】______and unemployment is down, then perhaps the【B20】______rate should rise anew.
【B16】
选项 A、advancing
B、previous
C、ahead
D、preceding
答案A
解析 考查形容词辨析。空格处所在句意为：前些年为了避免…及高失业，政府采取______早退休的方案，A．advancing意为“提前的，超前的”，符合句意，为正确选项。previous“早先的”；ahead“在前，提前”，要放在所修饰的名词之后；preceding“在前的，前述的”，均不符合题意。
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