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  3. Nutritional(营养的) status affects children’ s behavior. Well-nourished children are more alert and attentive and are better able t

Nutritional(营养的) status affects children’ s behavior. Well-nourished children are more alert and attentive and are better able t

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问题    Nutritional(营养的) status affects children’ s behavior. Well-nourished children are more alert and attentive and are better able to benefit from physical and learning experience. Poorly nourished children may be quiet and withdrawn, or too active during class activities. Fat children also face many problems. They are often slow and less able to participate in physical activities. They may suffer from being laughed at and emotional stress by being excluded from playmates.
   Children’ s resistance to infection and illness is also definitely influenced by their nutritional status. Children who are well nourished are less likely to become ill: they also recover more quickly when they are sick. Poorly nourished children are more sensitive to infections and illness. Illness also increases the need for some nutrients. Thus poor nutrition creates a cycle of illness, poorer nutritional status, and lowered resistance to illness.
   Malnutrition is a serious problem for many young children but it is not always associated with poverty or a poor environment. Children of middle and upper income families may also be malnourished because of unwise food selections. Malnutrition occurs when there is prolonged (拖延的) imbalance of the nutrients that are required and the nutrients that are actually eaten. Malnutrition may be the result of under-nutrition or over-nutrition.
   It is important that both of these conditions be avoided in young children. An adequate intake of all required nutrients is most vital during early periods of growth and development. Also, the effects of nutritional deficiency on physical development during early childhood are less likely to be changed by improved dietary intake later.
Which of the following statements is NOT true?
选项 A、Children’ s resistance to illness is directly proportional to their poor nutritional status.
B、The well-nourished tend to recover quickly when they are ill.
C、The poorly-nourished are most likely to be the victims of infections and diseases.
D、The "cycle" indicates that illness can turn the poor nutritional condition for the worse.
答案A
解析 选项B、C、D均在文章第二段被提及。根据第二段第一句“Children’s resistance to infection and illness is also definitely influenced by their nutritional status．”可知，孩子对于疾病的抵抗力必然被他们的营养状况所影响，并非选项A所说的“孩子对疾病的抵抗力和他们不良的营养状况成正比”。故选A。
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