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  3. It’s seven weeks into the new year. Do you know where your resolution is? If you’re like millions of Americans, you probably vow

It’s seven weeks into the new year. Do you know where your resolution is? If you’re like millions of Americans, you probably vow

admin2011-03-11  74
问题     It’s seven weeks into the new year. Do you know where your resolution is? If you’re like millions of Americans, you probably vowed to lose weight, quit smoking and drink less in the new year. You kicked off January with a commitment to long-term well-being--until you came face-to-face with a cheeseburger. You spent a bundle on a shiny new gym pass. Turns out, it wasn’t reason enough for you to actually use the gym.
    People can make poor decisions when it comes to health--despite their best intentions. It’s not easy abiding by wholesome choices (giving up French fries) when the consequences of not doing so (heart disease) seem so far in the future. Most people are bad at judging their health risks: smokers generally know cigarettes cause cancer, but they also tend to believe they’re less likely than other smokers to get it. And as any snack-loving dieter can attest, people can be comically inept at predicting their future .behavior. You swear you will eat just one potato chip but don’t stop until the bag is empty.
    So, what does it take to motivate people to stick to the path set by their conscious brain? How can good choices be made to seem more appealing than bad ones? The problem stumps doctors, public-health officials and weight-loss experts, but one solution may spring from an unlikely source. Meet your new personal trainer: your boss.
    American businesses have a particular interest in personal health, since worker illness costs them billions each year in insurance claims, sick days and high staff turnover. A 2008 survey of major US employers found that 64% consider their employees’ poor health decisions a serious barrier to affordable insurance coverage.  Now some companies are tackling the motivation problem head on, using tactics drawn from behavioral psychology to nudge their employees to get healthy.
    "It’s a bit paradoxical that employers need to provide incentives for people to improve their own health," says Michael Follick, a behavioral psychologist at Brown University and president of the consultancy Abacus Employer Health Solutions.
    Paradoxical, maybe, but effective. Consider Amica Mutual Insurance, based in Rhode Island. Arnica seemed to be doing everything right: it boasts an on-site fitness center at its headquarters. It pays toward Weight Watchers and smoking-cessation help, gives gift cards to reward proper prenatal care and offers free flu shots each year. Still, in the mid-2000s, about 7% of the company’s insured population, including roughly 3 100 employees and their dependents, had diabetes. "We manage risk. That’s our core business," says Scott Boyd, Amica’s director of compensation and benefits. But diabetes-related claims from Arnica employees had doubled in four years. "We thought, OK," Boyd says now, "we have to manage these high-risk groups a little better. "  
In the first paragraph, we can infer that the Americans ______.
选项 A、vow to diet in the new year
B、fear to lose weight
C、have poor decision in keeping healthy diet
D、succeed in losing weight
答案C
解析 文章第一段第三句提出一个假设“如果你像美国人一样，你会发誓减肥”而引出主题，然后指明你会“恪守长期幸福健康的承诺——直到你见到了奶酪汉堡包”，即抵制不了奶酪汉堡包的诱惑而抛弃之前的誓言，所以[C]正确。[A]是文章中直接指出的信息，不是推断出的信息，所以排除。文章中提到“你会发誓减肥”，既然如此，就不会害怕减肥，所以[B]不符合文意。既然意志不够坚定，很难想象会减肥成功，所以排除[D]。  
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