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  3. In 1924 America’s National Research Council sent two engineers to supervise a series of experiments at a telephone-parts factory

In 1924 America’s National Research Council sent two engineers to supervise a series of experiments at a telephone-parts factory

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问题     In 1924 America’s National Research Council sent two engineers to supervise a series of experiments at a telephone-parts factory called the Hawthorne Plant near Chicago. It hoped they would learn how stop-floor lighting【B1】______workers’ productivity. Instead, the studies ended【B2】______giving their name to the "Hawthorne effect", the extremely influential idea that the very【B3】______of being experimented upon changed subjects’ behavior.
    The idea arose because of the【B4】______behavior of the women in the plant. According to 【B5】______of the experiments, their hourly output rose when lighting was increased, but also when it was dimmed. It did not【B6】______what was done in the experiment;【B7】______something was changed, productivity rose. A(n)【B8】______that they were being experimented upon seemed to be【B9】______to alter workers’ behavior【B10】______itself.
    After several decades, the same data were【B11】______to econometric analysis. Hawthorne experiments has another surprise in store.【B12】______the descriptions on record, no systematic【B13】______was found that levels of productivity were related to changes in lighting.
    It turns out that the peculiar way of conducting the experiments may have led to【B14】______interpretations of what happened.【B15】______, lighting was always changed on a Sunday. When work started again on Monday, output【B16】______rose compared with the previous Saturday and【B17】______to rise for the next couple of days. 【B18】______, a comparison with data for weeks when there was no experimentation showed that output always went up on Mondays. Workers【B19】______to be diligent for the first few days of the week in any case, before【B20】______a plateau and then slackening off. This suggests that the alleged "Hawthorne effect" is hard to pin down.
【B10】
选项 A、about
B、for
C、on
D、by
答案D
解析 考查固定搭配。后面的itself指代的是前文的awareness，by itself意为“独自地”，就是说只要有这种意识就够了，不需要其他条件，就足以改变工人的行为。故选D．by。
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