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The human thirst for knowledge is the driving force behind our successful development as a species. But curiosity can also be da

admin2022-03-23  79
问题     The human thirst for knowledge is the driving force behind our successful development as a species. But curiosity can also be dangerous, leading to setbacks or even downfalls. Given curiosity’s complexity, scientists have found it hard to define.
    While pinning down a definition has proven tricky, the general consensus is it’s some means of information gathering. Psychologists also agree curiosity is intrinsically (内在的) motivated.
    Curiosity covers such a large set of behaviors that there probably isn’t any single "curiosity gene" that makes humans wonder about and explore their environment. That said, curiosity does have a genetic component. Genes and the environment interact in many complex ways to shape individuals and guide their behavior, including their curiosity.
    Regardless of their genetic makeup, infants have to learn an incredible amount of information in a short time, and curiosity is one of the tools humans have found to accomplish that gigantic task.
    Hundreds of studies show that infants prefer novelty. It’s what motivates non-human animals, human infants and probably human adults to explore and seek out new things before growing less interested in them after continued exposure.
    But curiosity often comes with a cost.
    In some situations, the stakes are low and failure is a healthy part of growth. For instance, many babies are perfectly proficient crawlers, but they decide to try walking because there’s more to see and do when they stand upright. But this milestone comes at a small cost. A study of 12- to 19-month-olds learning how to walk documented that these children fell down a lot. Seventeen times per hour, to be exact. But walking is faster than crawling, so this motivates expert crawlers to transition to walking.
    Sometimes, however, testing out a new idea can lead to disaster. For instance, the Inuit people of the Arctic regions have created incredible modes to deal with the challenges of living in northern climates, but what we forget about are the tens of thousands of people that tried and failed to make it in those challenging landscapes.
What is the general understanding of curiosity?
选项 A、It motivates people to seek information.
B、It is destined to transform human genes.
C、It does people more good than harm.
D、It underlies all human behaviors.
答案A
解析 由题干中的the general understanding of curiosity定位到第二段第一句。细节辨认题。定位句提到，虽然事实证明给好奇心下定义很难，但大家普遍认为好奇心是一种收集信息的手段。由此可知，好奇心可以激励人类去寻找信息，故答案为A)。文章第三段提到，好奇心涵盖了如此多的行为，以至于很可能没有任何一种单一的“好奇心基因”能让人类对自己的环境感到好奇和探索。这就是说，好奇心确实有基因成分，但并未提及好奇心能改变人类基因，B)的表述错误，故排除；文章第一段提到，好奇心虽然是人类成功发展背后的驱动力，但也可能是危险的，所以说好奇心对人类有利有弊，但并没有提及是否利大于弊，故排除C)；D)“它是所有人类行为的基础”在文中未提及，故排除。
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