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  3. Psychological maladjustment in children is caused by the stress of the birthing process as is proved by the discovery of a posit

Psychological maladjustment in children is caused by the stress of the birthing process as is proved by the discovery of a posit

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问题 Psychological maladjustment in children is caused by the stress of the birthing process as is proved by the discovery of a positive relationship between the duration of the mother’s labor and the amount of time the child spent crying in the first month of life. Which of the following, if true, LEAST damages the author’s assertion?
选项 A、There is no relationship between the amount of time spent crying and psychological maladjustment.
B、Behavior indicative of psychological maladjustment does not appear until the third month of a child’s life.
C、From the infant’s point of view, a hurried labor is more stressful than a gradual, slow delivery.
D、The estimates of the duration of labor were based on obstetricians’ estimates of the time of the onset of labor.
E、The infants who have experienced the greatest stress during birth are often too weak to cry for extended periods of time.
答案D
解析 首先要明晰问题目的，注意到“LEAST damage”，所以答案方向应为无关答案或支持答案。段落推理为“因为母亲分娩持续的时间与孩子在出生第一个月哭泣的时间成正比关系，所以儿童的心理失调是由出生过程的压力造成的”.(D)只表明母亲分娩时间的计算依据于产科医师的估计，但不同的产科医师对婴儿何时出生的估计可能大相径庭，与上面段落推理无关，因此不能起到破坏作用，所以(D)正确。(A)否定了儿童哭泣时间与心理失调的关系；(B)否定了心理失调与儿童出生后第一个月里哭泣的时间之间的关系；(C)指出压力与分娩时间的反比关系，否定了分娩时间与孩子出生后第一个月里哭泣时间的正比关系；(E)表明了分娩的压力与哭泣的反相关系，否定了原因，从而驳斥了结论。所以(A)、(B)、(C)、(E)都从某一方面对段落推理起到了反对作用
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