Do today’s kids make terrible entry-level workers? 【T1】That’s a question much on employers’ minds as graduation season kicks off

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问题    Do today’s kids make terrible entry-level workers? 【T1】That’s a question much on employers’ minds as graduation season kicks off and young adults begin their first full-time jobs. We’ve all heard the stories: assistants who won’t " assist," new workers who can’t set an alarm, employees who can’t grasp institutional hierarchies.
   Bosses who toiled in the pre-Self Esteem Era salt mines have little patience for these upstarts. 【T2】A popular advice columnist had some choice words last week for a young employee who dismissively waved her sandwich at a superior requesting back-up during a critical meeting. The young woman explained that she was on her lunch break. Moreover, she noted, being "errand girl" wasn’t in her job description.
   It’s easy to laugh off these anecdotes, but there are some complex reasons for the lack of familiarity with work norms. 【T3】For one thing, many twenty-something adults have never held a menial summer job, once considered training wheels for adult life in the American middle class. It was once common to see teenagers mowing lawns, waiting tables, digging ditches, and bagging groceries for modest wages in the long summer months. 【T4】Summer employment was a social equalizer, allowing both rich and financially strapped teenagers to gain a foothold on adulthood, learning the virtues of hard work, respect and teamwork in a relatively low-stakes atmosphere. But youth employment has declined precipitously over the years and young people are losing a chance to develop these important life skills in the process. 【T5】Teenagers and twenty-somethings are the least skilled members of the work force, so it’s not surprising that they would be edged out in a recession by more reliable full-time workers.
【T3】

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答案首先,许多20多岁的年轻人从来没有当过干粗活的暑期工,而暑期工曾经被美国中产阶级视为准备踏人成人生活的演练方式。

解析 该句的理解重点同样有二。一是考生能根据“summer job”这个线索推测出“menial”意为“辛苦的,卑微的,不体面的”。二是能理解“training wheel”意为“用以训练的车轮”,而暑期工就像正式踏足职场前的训练一样,是中产阶级认为的步人成人生活的前奏。
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