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  3. During the past generation, the American middle-class family that once could count on hard work and fair play to keep itself fin

During the past generation, the American middle-class family that once could count on hard work and fair play to keep itself fin

admin2012-06-18  38
问题     During the past generation, the American middle-class family that once could count on hard work and fair play to keep itself financially secure has been transformed by economic risk and new realities. Now a pink slip, a bad diagnosis or a disappearing spouse can reduce a family from solidly middle class to newly poor in a few months.
    In just one generation, millions of mothers have gone to work, transforming basic family economics. Scholars, policymakers, and critics of all stripes have debated the social implications of these changes, but few have looked at the side effect family risk has risen as well. Today’s families have budgeted to the limits of their new two-paycheck status. As a result, they have lost the parachute they once had in times of financial setback—a back-up earner (usually Mom) who could go into the workforce if the primary earner got laid off or fell sick. This "added-worker effect" could support the safety net offered by unemployment insurance or disability insurance to help families weather bad times. But today, a disruption to family fortunes can not longer be made up with extra income from an otherwise-stay-at-home partner.
    During the same period, families have been asked to absorb much more risk in their retirement income. Steelworkers, airline employees, and now those in the auto industry are joining millions of families who must worry about interest rates, stock market fluctuation, and the harsh reality that they may outlive their retirement money. For much of the past year, President Bush campaigned to move Social Security to a savings-account model, with retirees trading much or all of their guaranteed payments for payments depending on investment returns. For younger families, the picture is not any better. Both the absolute cost of healthcare and the share of it borne by families have risen—and newly fashionable health-savings plans are spreading from legislative halls to Wal-Mart workers, with much higher deductibles and a large new does of investment risk for families’ future healthcare. Even demographics are working against the middle class family, as the odds of having a weak elderly parent— and all the attendants need for physical and financial assistance have jumped eightfold in just one generation.
    From the middle-class family perspective, much of this, understandably, looks far less like an opportunity to exercise more financial responsibility, and a good deal more like a frightening acceleration of the wholesale shift of financial risk onto their already overburdened shoulders. The financial fallout has begun, and the political fallout may not be far behind.
According to the author, health-savings plans will____.
选项 A、help reduce the cost of healthcare
B、popularize among the middle class
C、compensate for the reduced pensions
D、increase the families’ investment risk
答案D
解析 此题为细节题。对应原文第三段的倒数第二句话“Both the absolute cost…have risen—and health-savings plans are…，with…a large new dose of investment risk for families’future healthcare”由这里可以看出health-savings带来的结果是“a large new dose of investment risk”，所以选项D是正确答案。根据第3段的“Both the absolute cost of healthcare and the share of it borne by families have risen”这句话可以排除A。根据“and newly fashionable health-savings plans are spreading from legislativehalls to Wal-Mart workers”可以排除B，因为文中只讲了健康储蓄计划涉及的人群，并没有说在中产阶级中流行。C选项文章没有提及，所以也不对。
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