If we want to avoid the disaster scenario, people in developed countries will have to take a global perspective and accept respo

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问题     If we want to avoid the disaster scenario, people in developed countries will have to take a global perspective and accept responsibility for the damage export crops such as timber, coffee, cut flowers or even green beans, do to the environment. The challenge is to avoid simply imposing western attitudes on local peoples.
    Already there are no truly wild places left in the world. Looking at wildlife has become the preserve of the middle classes over the last twenty-odd years, and as wild animals become even rarer, so more tourists want to see them. But tourism alone plainly cannot conserve the world’s animals; economic development is the priority.
    For the future, I suspect that if you really want to do something about wild life conservation, you would be better off putting your money into women’s education rather than just into the protection of flagship species. Women often bear the direct costs of wildlife conflict; their knowledge of how to deal with conflict and how to control their own reproductive destinies may yet determine the survival of many threatened species.

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答案 要想避免灾难局面的发生,发达国家的人必须从全球角度看问题,并为木材、咖啡、鲜花甚至菜豆之类出口作物对环境造成的危害承担责任。需要谨慎的是,应避免简单地把西方的立场强加于当地人民。 目前世界上已经没有真正的荒野了。在过去的20多年里,观赏野生动物已成为中产阶级的专有权,随着野生动物变得更加稀少,想看野生动物的游客会更多。但是单靠旅游业显然不可能保护世界上的动物;经济发展才是首要任务。 我认为,为了未来,人们要是真想在野生动物保护方面做一些事,最好还是把钱投在妇女教育上,而不仅仅用于保护那些带象征意义的重要物种。妇女常常承受着与野生动物发生冲突的直接代价;她们是否知道如何应对冲突,能否掌握自己的生育命运,有可能决定着许多濒危物种的生存。

解析     这段材料选自Cambridge Alumni Magazine 1999年第28期的Wildlife Conservation。本文探讨野生动物保护问题,是说明文体,句式不是很复杂,语言表达规范,出现个别生词,但翻译时可根据上下文语境进行推敲,通顺译出。第一段首句中的scenario原意为“场景”,此处引申为“(可能或将要发生/出现的)事态,局面”。take a global perspective即“从全球角度看问题”。accept responsibility for意为“为……承担责任”。export crops是指“出口作物”或“出口农林产品”,其后内容是damage的定语从句。cut flower。是指剪切并包装好以供在超市或花店出售的鲜花。这里译成“鲜花”即可。Green beans指“菜豆”。北京叫“扁豆”,有些地方叫“四季豆”。challenge原意为“难办、须认真对待的事”,这里可以译成“需要谨慎的(是)”。attitude这里译成“立场”或“观念”比“态度”恰当,因为汉语一般不说把某一态度强加给某人。第二段第二句中preserve的原意是“独占的领域、活动范围等”,这里可泽为“专有权”。twenty-odd意为“20多”。末句中的priority意为“优先考虑的事情”,即“首要任务”。末段首句中的you泛指“人们”。注意该句中后一个you在译成汉语时可以省略。do something about意为“在……方面/为……做一些事”。you would be better off用于提建议,意思是“最好”。put money into…意思是“把钱花/投到……上”。注意英语的介词是into,汉语的是“上”。flagship的含义是“旗舰性质的”,也就是“最重要的”、“带象征意义的”。reproductive destinies原意是“生育命运”。作者的意思是,如果妇女知道如何计划生育,少生孩子,就不会有那么多的人口与野生动物争夺生存空间。threatened species意为“受到威胁的物种”,即“濒危物种”。  
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