One problem with much personality research is that it examines and rates whatever traits the researchers are interested in at th

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问题    One problem with much personality research is that it examines and rates whatever traits the researchers are interested in at the time: conscientiousness, emotional stability and so on. But when we【C1】______someone in real life, we don’t consider an array of personality measures; instead, we focus on a few【C2】______traits that sum up the【C3】______of the person. One is particularly anxious, another is【C4】______reliable, yet another is a "live wire". While we might hesitate to characterize individuals along every personality dimension, we can accurately identify them【C5】______their key characteristics.
   In research at Stanford University, Daryl Ben and Andrea Allen tested this idea by first asking college students【C6】______they were consistently or only occasionally friendly and then【C7】______their parents and friends how friendly the students were. Ben and Allen observed how the students acted under two specific conditions: 【C8】______they spoke in small groups and how quickly they【C9】______a conversation with strangers. The researchers found that students who considered themselves consistently friendly were indeed more likely to be【C10】______in both circumstances than were those who【C11】______themselves only intermittently friendly.【C12】______that, the friendliness ratings by parents and peers of the students who were consistently friendly were very similar【C13】______the students’ self-ratings and【C14】______accurately how they would act in two conditions. It seems that we can【C15】______ourselves accurately and that others can rate us very well on traits【C16】______serve as our trademarks.
   To predict how someone will behave in a given situation, we must【C17】______the requirements of the situation with the trademark characteristics of the person【C18】______. People who are strongly of one type or【C19】______should react predictably in a given situation, 【C20】______the behavior of other, more diffuse personalities is harder to anticipate.
【C3】

选项 A、character
B、feature
C、essence
D、manner

答案C

解析 本题考查名词辨析及上下文语义。此处句意为“这些特征构成了一个人的______”。空格所在的定语从句修饰先行词trait(特性),也就是一个人最本质的东西。所以正确答案是C.essence“本质;精髓”,指一类事物固有的、不会改变的性质。character“性格”,feature“特征”,manner“方式”,均与题意不符,故排除。
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