2. 考研
  3. In a sense, the new protectionism is not protectionism at all, at least not in the traditional sense of the term. The old protec

In a sense, the new protectionism is not protectionism at all, at least not in the traditional sense of the term. The old protec

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问题    In a sense, the new protectionism is not protectionism at all, at least not in the traditional sense of the term. The old protectionism referred only to trade restricting and trade expanding devices, such as the tariff or export subsidy. The new protectionism is much broader than this: it includes interventions into foreign trade but is not limited to them. The new protectionism, in fact, refers to how the whole of government intervention into the private economy affects international trade. The emphasis on trade is still there, thus came the term "protection". But what is new is the realization that virtually all government activities can affect international economic relations. The emergence of the new protectionism in the Western world reflects the victory of the interventionist, or welfare economy over the market economy. Jab Tumiler writes, "The old protectionism…coexisted, without any apparent intellectual difficulty with the acceptance of the market as a national as well as an international economic distribution mechanism—indeed, protectionists as well as (if not more than) free traders stood for laissez faire (放任政策). Now, as in the 1930s, protectionism is an expression of a profound skepticism as to the ability of the market to distribute resources and incomes to societies’ satisfaction."
   It is precisely this profound skepticism of the market economy that is responsible for the protectionism. In a market economy, economic change of various color simplies redistribution of resources and incomes. The same opinion in many communities apparently is that such redistributions often are not proper. Therefore, the government intervenes to bring about a more desired result.
   The victory of the welfare state is almost complete in northern Europe. In Sweden, Norway, Finland, Denmark, and the Netherlands, government intervention in almost all aspects of economic and social life is considered normal. In Great Britain this is only somewhat less true. Government traditionally has played a very active role in economic life in France and continued to do so. Only West Germany dares to go against the tide towards excessive interventionism in Western Europe. It also happens to be the most successful Western European economy.
   The welfare state has made significant progress in the United States as well as in Western Europe. Social security, unemployment insurance, minimum wage laws, and rent control are by now traditional welfare state elements on the America scene.
The passage supplies information for answering which of the following questions.
选项 A、When did the new protectionism arise?
B、Why is the new protectionism so popular in northern European countries?
C、Does the American government play a more active role in economic life than the British government?
D、Why does the government intervene in economic life?
答案D
解析 判断题。文章第二段提供了为什么政府干预经济生活的理由。“Therefore，the government intervenes to bring about a more desired result”意思是“政府干预经济生活能带来更好的结果”。因此D项的问题文章进行了回答，而其余三项文中没有明确说明。故选D项。
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