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  3. The aim of education or culture is merely the development of good taste in knowledge and good form in conduct. The cultured man

The aim of education or culture is merely the development of good taste in knowledge and good form in conduct. The cultured man

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问题     The aim of education or culture is merely the development of good taste in knowledge and good form in conduct. The cultured man or the ideal educated man is not necessarily one who is well-read or learned, but one who likes and dislikes the right things. To know what to love and what to hate is to have taste in knowledge. (76) I have met such persons, and found that there was no topic that might come up in the course of the conversation concerning which they did not have some facts or figures to produce, but whose points of view were appalling. Such persons have erudition(the quality of being knowledgeable) , but no discernment or taste. Erudition is a mere matter of stuffing facts or information, while taste or discernment is a matter of artistic judgment. (77) In speaking of a scholar, the Chinese generally distinguish between a man’ s scholarship, conduct, and taste or discernment. This is particularly so with regard to historians; a book of history may be written with the most thorough scholarship, yet be totally lacking in insight or discernment, and in the judgment or interpretation of persons and events in history, the author may show no originality or depth of understanding. Such a person, we say, has no taste in knowledge. To be well-informed, or to accumulate facts and details, is the easiest of all things. (78) There are many facts in a given historical period that can be easily stuffed into our mind, but discernment in the selection of significant facts is a vastly more difficult thing and depends upon one’ s point of view.
    An educated man, therefore, is one who has the right loves and hatreds. This we call taste, and with taste comes charm. (79) Now to have taste or discernment requires a capacity for thinking things through to the bottom, an independence of judgment, and an unwillingness to be knocked down by any form of fraud, social, political, literary, artistic or academic. There is no doubt that we are surrounded in our adult life with a wealth of frauds; fame frauds, wealth frauds, patriotic frauds, political frauds, religious frauds and fraud poets, fraud artists, fraud dictators and fraud psychologists. When a psychoanalyst tells us that the performing of the functions of the bowels during childhood has a definite connection or that constipation leads to stinginess of character, all that a man with taste can do is to feel amused. (80) When a man is wrong, he is wrong, and there is no need for one to be impressed and overawed by a great name or by the number of books that he has read and we haven’ t.
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答案我们的大脑极容易存储许多包含一个特定历史时期的史实，但是怎样在有价值的史实中鉴别它们却是一件更难的事情，它取决于我们的世界观。
解析 (英语中一个显著的特点是被动句用的特别多，而汉语中则很少用到，因此在翻译时要注意被动句式的转换。比如上文中There are many facts in a given historical period that can be easily stuffed into our mind，如果按字面意思翻译就是：特定历史时期的史实有很多可以被储存在我们的脑子当中，就不如上面译文更符合中国读者的习惯。)
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本试题收录于： A类竞赛（研究生）题库大学生英语竞赛（NECCS）分类
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