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  3. A scientist who does research in economic psychology and who wants to predict the way in which consumers will spend their money

A scientist who does research in economic psychology and who wants to predict the way in which consumers will spend their money

admin2010-09-10  45
问题     A scientist who does research in economic psychology and who wants to predict the way in which consumers will spend their money must study consumer behavior. He must obtain data both on resources of consumers and on the motives that tend to encourage or discourage money spending.
    If an economist was asked which of three groups borrow most, people with rising incomes, stable incomes, or declining incomes -- he would probably answer: those with declining incomes. Actually, in the years 1947- 1950, the answer was: people with rising incomes. People with declining incomes were next and people with stable incomes borrowed the least.  This shows us that traditional assumptions about earning and spending are not always reliable.
    Another traditional assumption is that if people who have money expect prices to go up, they will hasten to buy. If they expect prices to go down, they will postpone buying. But research surveys have shown that this is not always true. The typical attitude was expressed by the wife of a mechanic in an interview at a time of rising prices, "In a few months," she said, "we’ 11 have to pay more for meat and milk; we’ll have less to spend on other things." Her family had been planning to buy a new car but they postponed this purchase. Furthermore, the rise in prices that has already taken place may arouse resentment (怨恨) and buyer’ s resistance may be aroused. This is shown by the following typical comment: "I just don’t pay these prices; they are tm high."
    The investigations mentioned above were carried out in America. Investigations conducted at the same time in Great Britain, however, yielded results that were more in agreement with traditional assumptions about saving and spending patterns. The condition most conducive (有助于) to spending appears to be price stability. If prices have been stable and people consider that they are reasonable, and they are likely to buy. Thus, it appears that the common business policy of maintaining stable prices is based on a correct understanding of consumer psychology.
According to the survey, if Englishmen expects prices to go up, they will______.
选项 A、spend less
B、buy more
C、buy only what they need
D、postpone buying
答案B
解析 该题问如果英国人预期价格要上涨，他们会做出什么反应。文章第四段提到，同期在英国做的调查结果表明他们消费行为与传统的观念更趋一致。而文章第三段开头提到了传统的观念，即“if people who have money expect prices to so up，they will hasten to buy．”(如果人们预期物价上涨，他们会迅速购物)，也就是说，他们会买更多的东西。故，[B]为该题答案。
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大学英语四级

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