2. 外语
  3. Strange is our situation here upon earth. Each of us comes for a short visit, not knowing why, yet sometimes seeming to divine a

Strange is our situation here upon earth. Each of us comes for a short visit, not knowing why, yet sometimes seeming to divine a

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问题     Strange is our situation here upon earth. Each of us comes for a short visit, not knowing why, yet sometimes seeming to divine a purpose.
    From the standpoint of daily life, however, there is one thing we do know; that man is here for the sake of other men—above all for those upon whose smile and well-being our own happiness depends, and also for the countless unknown souls with whose fate we are connected by a bond of sympathy. Many times a day I realize how much my own outer and inner life is built upon the labors of my fellow men, both living and dead, and how earnestly I must exert myself in order to give in return as much as I have received. My peace of mind is often troubled by the depressing sense that I have borrowed too heavily from the work of other men.
    To ponder interminably over the reason for one’s own existence or the meaning of life in general seems to me, from an objective point of view, to be sheer folly. And yet everyone holds certain ideals by which he guides his aspiration and his judgment—the ideals which have always shone before me and filled me with the joy of living are goodness, beauty and truth. To make a goal of comfort and happiness has never appealed to me; a system of ethics built on this basis would be sufficient only for a herd of cattle.
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答案 然而从日常生活的观点来看，我们可以确知一点，那就是人生在世是为了他人而活——尤其是为了那些我们的快乐与否取决于他们的微笑及幸福的人而活；也为着无数不知名的生灵而活，他们的命运藉由同胞之情与我们结合在一起。一天中会有许多次，我认识到自己外在和内在的生活大多依赖同胞劳动，不管他们是在世还是已故，也了解到我必须要多么竭尽所能才能同等回报我所获得的一切。我从别人那里获得的太多了，这种负疚感常常扰乱我心灵的平静。 客观地说，若总是冥思苦想自己存在于世的原因以及生命的普遍意义，这在我看来似乎非常愚蠢。然而每个人都拥有某种理想，并藉此引导自己的志向与判断。这些一直照亮我的道路而且令我充满生活乐趣的理想便是真、善、美。我从未想过要以舒适安逸的生活为目标，若以这种目标为基础建立道德观，那么只能适用于牛群。
解析 1．第一段第一句是个长句，行文比较流畅，可用顺译法处理。for the sake of指“为了……”。
2．above all for those upon whose smile and well—being our own happiness depends中，定语从句的介词upon提前。
3．souls指“灵魂”，根据上下文，可引申为“生灵”。
4．sympathy本义为“同情，同感”，结合下一句中出现的fellow men“同胞”，可以理解为“同胞之情”。
5．第二句中exert myself指“努力，尽力”。give in return指“回报”。
6．第三句是个被动句，可转化为主动句。peace of mind指“内心平静”。depressing指“压抑的，沉闷的”。
7．第二段第一句需要调整语序，先译出插入成分from an objective point of view“客观地说”，再译主干To ponder interminably over…seems to me，to be sheer folly。
8．ponder interminably over指“冥思苦想，绞尽脑汁”。interminably指“无限地”。sheer指“完全的，纯粹的”。
9．第二句中aspiration指“渴望，雄心”。shone为shine的过去式，指“照耀，发光”。
10．最后一句中appealed to指“吸引”。
11．a system of ethics built on this basis would be sufficient only for a herd of cattle中，从would可以看出这是一个虚拟句，需要通过增词表达出虚拟语气。be sufficient for指“对……是足够的”。
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