首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
Most economists in the United States seem excited by the spell of the free market. Consequently, nothing seems good or normal th
Most economists in the United States seem excited by the spell of the free market. Consequently, nothing seems good or normal th
admin
2010-09-06
44
问题
Most economists in the United States seem excited by the spell of the free market. Consequently, nothing seems good or normal that does not accord with the requirements of the free market. A price that is determined by the seller or, for that matter, established by anyone other than the aggregate of consumers seems harmful. Accordingly, it requires a major act of will to think of price-fixing (the determination of prices by the seller) as both "normal" and having a valuable economic function. In fact, price-fixing is normal in all industrialized societies because the industrial system itself provides, as an effortless consequence of its own development, the price-fixing that it requires. Modern industrial planning requires and rewards great size. Hence, a comparatively small number of large firms will be competing for the same group of consumers. That each large firm will act with consideration of its own needs and thus avoid selling its products for more than its competitors charge is commonly recognized by advocates of free-market economic theories. But each large firm will also act with full consideration of the needs that it has in common with the other large firms competing for the same customers. Each large firm will thus avoid significant price-cutting, because price-cutting would be prejudicial to the common interest in a stable demand for products. Most economists do not see price-fixing when it occurs because they expect it to be brought about by a number of explicit agreements among large firms; it is not.
Moreover, those economists who argue that allowing the free market to operate without interference is the most efficient method of establishing prices have not considered the economies of non-socialist countries other than the United States. These economies employ intentional price-fixing, usually in an overt fashion. Formal price-fixing by cartel and informal price-fixing by agreements covering the members of an industry are commonplace. Were there something peculiarly efficient about the free market and inefficient about price-fixing, the countries that have avoided the first and used the second would have suffered drastically in their economic development. There is no indication that they have.
Socialist industry also works within a framework of controlled prices. In’ the early 1970’s, the Soviet Union began to give firms and industries some of the flexibility in adjusting prices that a more informal evolution has accorded the capitalist system. Economists in the Unites States have hailed the change as a return to the free market. But Soviet firms are no more subject to prices established by a free market over which they exercise little influence than are capitalist firms; rather, Soviet firms have been given the power to fix prices.
Notes: spell魔力;一阵。aggregate总体
选项
A、refute the theory that the free market plays a useful role in the development of industrialized societies.
B、argue that price-fixing, in one form or another, is an inevitable part of and benefit to the economy of any industrialized society.
C、show that in industrialized societies price-fixing and the operation of the free market are not only compatible but also mutually beneficial.
D、explain the various ways in which industrialized societies can fix prices in order to stabilize the free market.
答案
B
解析
综合归纳题。本题问:本文的主要目的是什么?作者在第1段中开宗明义地提出"价格控制在工业化社会中是正常的,也是有益的",此后文中自始至终论述价格控制对工业化社会的重要意义。
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/TH7RFFFM
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
Anewstudyfoundthatinner-citykidslivinginneighborhoodswithmoregreenspacegainedabout13%lessweightoveratwo-yea
Anewstudyfoundthatinner-citykidslivinginneighborhoodswithmoregreenspacegainedabout13%lessweightoveratwo-yea
Severalinternationaleventsintheearly1990sseemlikelyto______,oratleastweaken,thetrendsthatemergedinthe1980s.
Animportantpropertyofascientifictheoryisitsabilityto______furtherresearchandfurtherthinkingaboutaparticulart
Inthisfactorythemachinesarenotregulated______butarejointlycontrolledbyacentralcomputersystem.
Accordingtothewriter,thebestwayofachievingeffectivecommunicationisto______.Accordingtothearticle,whatisthee
Themostimportantadvancesmadebymankindcomefrom______.Thepracticalscientist______.
Asoneworkswithcolorinapractical,orexperimentalway,oneisimpressedbytwoapparentlyunrelatedfacts.Colorasseeni
Asoneworkswithcolorinapractical,orexperimentalway,oneisimpressedbytwoapparentlyunrelatedfacts.Colorasseeni
Foodisdifferentfromareatoarea.TheFrencharefamousfortheirsauces,theItalianspraised【C1】______theirpasta-foodfrom
随机试题
杨某3月1日为自己居住的房屋向保险公司投保当年的财产险,保险金额为8万元。同年7月4日晚,其子(11岁)一人独自在家,玩打火机时不慎引发大火,将房屋全部烧毁。保险公司在对杨某房屋毁损是否赔偿存在分歧,下列表述中哪些是正确的?()
()是指在损失发生时或之后,为缩小损失幅度而采用的各项措施,它是处理风险的有效技术。
港口与航道工程竣工验收中,施工单位提交的竣工资料应包括()。
根据《行政复议法》的有关规定,当事人认为具体行政行为侵犯其合法权益的,可以自知道该具体行政行为之日起()日内提出行政复议申请。
张某为筹款经商,以自有的价值20万元的设备为抵押,向甲银行贷款5万元,1个月后又以该设备为抵押,向乙银行贷款10万元,均未办理抵押物登记。如果张某到期不能还款,该设备拍卖所得为12万元,下列说法错误的有()。
EOS系统给零售业带来的好处是______。
核算人工成本的基本指标包括()
著作权属于何种权利类型?()
《红楼梦》第十四回讲到王熙凤协理宁国府,凤姐年纪轻轻,却能依靠“奖罚分明”把宁国府管理得井井有条。从管理学上看,王熙凤管理宁国府主要基于:
A、B、C、D、B
最新回复
(
0
)