首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
You only have to open your eyes to see that the world is getting fatter. Health officials — some of whom call overweight and
You only have to open your eyes to see that the world is getting fatter. Health officials — some of whom call overweight and
admin
2019-11-02
33
问题
You only have to open your eyes to see that the world is getting fatter.
Health officials — some of whom call overweight and obesity a global pandemic — say that the increasing availability of processed foods is simply overwhelming humanity. Combine that with high-tech sedentary lifestyles and more disposable income and the table is set for packing on extra pounds.
But just how bad is the problem? A new big-data study published in the Lancet, a medical journal, lays out the kind of vast and sweeping survey that would have been unimaginable in the days before affordable computing power. It’s basically a global headcount of overweight people.
An international team of researchers led by Marie Ng, PhD, an assistant professor of global health at the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) at the University of Washington, collected data from 188 countries’ national health ministry surveys and other sources (1, 770 in all) from 1980 through 2013 and gleaned from people of different age, gender, heights and weights, worked some statistical hocus-pocus on the data and came up with some eye-popping trends.
China is now second only to the US in obesity, with its numbers bulging in the past three decades to 46 million adults qualifying as obese and 300 million overweight. China has a way to go to catch up to the US, however. The survey found that the US accounts for 13 percent of the world’s obese, while the vast populations of China and India combined make up only 15 percent of the world’s total obese.
The study used the BMI — the body mass or weight-to-height ratio — to assess overweight (25-30) and obesity (30 and above). The Hospital Authority of Hong Kong (China), as an example, calls a BMI of 18.5 to 22.9 normal, 23 to 24.9 overweight at risk, 25 to 29.9 moderately obese and over 30 severely obese.
Worldwide, overweight and obesity combined rates rose by 27.5 percent for adults and 47.1 percent for children from 1980 to 2013. The total number of overweight and obese individuals increased from 857 million in 2008 to 2.1 billion in 2013.
The study also found some interesting sex patterns. In developed countries, more men than women were overweight or obese; in developing countries, overweight or obese women outnumbered men.
In China, 23 percent of boys under 20 fall into the category of overweight or obese, while only 14 percent of girls under 20 make it. Of men 20 and older, 28.3 percent are overweight; and among women 20 and older, 27.4 percent are in the group.
By contrast, in the US, 28.8 percent of boys under 20 are overweight, but significantly, 12.4 percent are obese. Among US girls under 20, 29.7 percent are overweight, with 13.4 percent obesity. Among US men 20 or older, a whopping 70.9 percent are overweight or obese; and 61.9 percent of women 20 or older, with 33.9 percent of the total qualifying as obese.
The Wall Street Journal reported that China’s armed forces are feeling the pinch, "with the People’s Liberation Army facing challenges as its soldiers have begun to have trouble fitting into traditionally-sized tanks".
Ng said the high percentages of overweight and obesity in China were "especially troubling. We need to be thinking now about how to turn this trend around".
The greatest gain in weight worldwide, the survey found, came between 1992 and 2002 and mainly among people aged 20 to 40, for some reason. The rate of weight gain in recent years has been slackening off in the last eight years, but, no countries have shown any significant decrease in obesity prevalence in the past 30 years.
Much of the original data was what’s called "self-reported", the kind of personal facts people might give over the phone, and as one might suspect, can be subject to exaggeration. As the paper puts it: "Self-reported weights for women in some countries tend to be under-reported and self-reported heights for men tend to be over-reported." In other words, women fudge their weight and men fudge their height.
"These data are all heavily modeled, " the Lancet editors explain, "so that the real data are inevitably somewhat obscured, but the truth is not."
Health officials say that the following factors make overweight and obesity a global pandemic EXCEPT______.
选项
A、the increasing availability of processed food
B、high-tech sedentary lifestyles
C、sleep insufficiency
D、more disposable income
答案
C
解析
卫生官员说,下列因素中哪一个不是使超重和肥胖成为全球流行性疾病的因素?该题为理解题。文章第二段中可知,the increasing availability of processed foods,high-tech sedentary lifestyles和more disposable income都是使超重和肥胖成为全球流行性疾病的因素,因此可排除A,B,D三个选项。而C选项sleep insufficiency在文中并没有提到。故此题答案为C。
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/SzrMFFFM
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
Todaywomenearnalmost60percentofallbachelor’sdegreesandmorethanhalfofmaster’sandPh.D.’s.Manypeoplebelieveth
Issuesconcerninghumanlearningareamongthecriticaltopicsineducationalpsychology,childdevelopment,andcognitivescie
Englishisoneoftheworld’smostwidelyspokenlanguages.ThisispartlybecauseitwasthelanguageoftheBritishEmpire.T
Doctorsbaffledbyanunexplainedrashonpeople’searsorcheeksshouldbeonalertforaskinallergycausedtoomuch【M1】_____
Healthyadultstakeapproximately10-14breathsperminute,butsomepeoplebreathe20ormoretimes—thiscanleadtofeeling
Thebrainsofchildrenareaffectedbyfamilyviolenceinthesamewayascombataffectssoldiers,accordingtoastudy.Inbot
EvelynCokespent20yearsasahomecareaidehelpingtheelderlyandthesick,butshedidnotliveandseefairlaborlaws【M1
EvelynCokespent20yearsasahomecareaidehelpingtheelderlyandthesick,butshedidnotliveandseefairlaborlaws【M1
GeneralIdeasaboutRhetoricI.Thedefinition&understandingofrhetoricA.Dictionarydefinition:theartofusingwords【T1】
Theveryfirsttopicofourdiscussionis"whatisart?"Mytalktodaywillbedividedintotwoparts.Inthefirstpartofmyt
随机试题
Readthefollowingdialogueandtrytofillupthegapswithproperwords,phrases,orsentences.Beth:DidyouhearthatRo
低度恶性的非霍奇金淋巴瘤是
治疗水肿变证,邪陷心肝常用方剂是治疗暑温痰火内扰心肝的常用方剂是
当中水同时满足多种用途时,其水质应按()。
工程量清单中的其他项目清单包括()。
混合税
招股说明书中引用的财务报告在其最近l期截止日后6个月内有效。特别情况下发行人可申请适当延长,但至多不超过3个月。( )
国家“十二五”规划纲要提出,要积极稳妥推进城镇化,把()作为推进城镇化的重要任务。
卡瑞尔公式是指唯有强迫自己面对最坏的情况,在精神上先接受它以后,才会使我们处在一个可以集中精力解决问题的地位上。根据上述定义,下列选项涉及卡瑞尔公式的是:
江南制造局译书馆
最新回复
(
0
)