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  3. Nothing succeeds in business books like the study of success. The current business-book boom was launched in 1982 by Tom Peters

Nothing succeeds in business books like the study of success. The current business-book boom was launched in 1982 by Tom Peters

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问题     Nothing succeeds in business books like the study of success. The current business-book boom was launched in 1982 by Tom Peters and Robert Waterman with In Search of Excellence. The trend has continued with a succession of experts and would-be experts who promise to distil the essence of excellence into three (or five or seven) simple rules.
    The Three Rules is a self-conscious contribution to this type of writing; it even includes a bibliography of "success studies". Michael Raynor and Mumtaz Ahmed work for a consultancy. Deloitte, that is determined to turn itself into more of a thought-leader and less a corporate repairman. They employ all the tricks of the success books. They insist that their conclusions are "measurable and actionable"—guides to behavior rather than analysis for its own sake. Success authors usually serve up vivid stories about how exceptional businesspeople stamped their personalities on a company or rescued it from a life-threatening crisis. Messrs Raynor and Ahmed are happier chewing the numbers: they provide detailed appendices on "calculating the elements of advantage" and "detailed analysis".
    The authors spent five years studying the behavior of their 344 " exceptional companies", only to come up at first with nothing. Every hunch(直觉) led to a blind alley and every hypothesis to a dead end. It was only when they shifted their attention from how companies behave to how they think that they began to make sense of their voluminous material.
    Management is all about making difficult tradeoffs in conditions that are always uncertain and often fast-changing. But exceptional companies approach these tradeoffs with two simple rules in mind, sometimes consciously, sometimes unconsciously. First: better before cheaper. Companies are more likely to succeed in the long run if they compete on quality or performance than on price. Second: revenue before cost. Companies have more to gain in the long run from driving up revenue than by driving down costs. Most success studies suffer from two faults. There is "the (光环) effect", whereby good performance leads commentators to attribute all manner of virtues to anything and everything the company does. These virtues then suddenly become vices when the company fails. Messrs Raynor and Ahmed work hard to avoid these mistakes by studying large bodies of data over several decades. But they end up embracing a different error: stating the obvious. Most businesspeople will not be surprised to learn that it is better to find a profitable niche(缝隙市场) and focus on boosting your revenues than to compete on price and cut your way to success. The difficult question is how to find that profitable niche and protect it. There, The Three Rules is less useful.
How does The Three Rules differ from other success books according to the passage?
选项 A、It focuses on the behavior of exceptional businessmen.
B、It bases its detailed analysis on large amounts of data.
C、It offers practicable advice to businessmen.
D、It draws conclusions from vivid examples.
答案B
解析 细节题。由题干中的 The Three Rules定位到文章第二段。该段第一句话指出《三个规则》是对这种类型写作的一个自觉贡献。接着借助作者雷纳和艾哈迈德的话来指出这本书与其他成功书籍的不同之处是：其他成功书籍的作者一般是给读者提供一些成功的故事，而本书的作者喜欢咀嚼数字，这本书的附录提供了“计算优势元素”和“详细分析”，所以正确答案是B)。
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