首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
When public schooling began to expand access to education in the 19th century, literacy was mainly about learning to read, a set
When public schooling began to expand access to education in the 19th century, literacy was mainly about learning to read, a set
admin
2022-08-04
48
问题
When public schooling began to expand access to education in the 19th century, literacy was mainly about learning to read, a set of technical skills that individuals would acquire once for a lifetime in order to process a fairly established body of coded knowledge. For most, though not all, individuals in the industrialized world, those technical reading skills can now largely be taken for granted. But literacy requirements have shifted toward reading for learning—the capacity to identify, understand, interpret, create, and communicate knowledge, using written materials associated with varying situations in changing contexts. These skills have now become an almost universal requirement for success in the industrialized world.
This shift in the concept of literacy is perhaps best illustrated with statistics on skill utilization in the labor force. It is no longer manual skills but routine cognitive skills that see the steepest decline in labor-market demand in advanced economies. Computers can replace humans for tasks involving processing of information through inductive or deductive rules. Routine cognitive skills are easier to outsource to foreign producers than other kinds of work: When a task can be reduced to rules, the process needs to be explained only once, so communicating with foreign producers is much simpler than for non-rules-based tasks where each piece of work is a special case. The reproduction of a fixed body of knowledge, acquired with technical reading skills, is therefore no longer sufficient. Individuals need the capacity to infer from what they know, to use knowledge in new ways or situations, and to generate new knowledge.
Ensuring that assessments are comparable across countries is critical. Another challenge relates to external validity, verifying that literacy assessments measure what they set out to measure and that those skills are predictive for future outcomes of individuals. Adult literacy surveys show that competencies in major educational, training and work transitions are generally better predictors for earnings and employment status than the level of formal educational qualification that individuals had attained.
Important aspects of the
"new literacy"
concept, especially elements of creating and communicating information, remain beyond the scope of large-scale comparative assessment. The long-term future lies with multi-layered assessment systems that extend from classrooms to schools to regional to national to international levels, that measure not just what students know but also how students progress, that are largely performance-based, that make students’ thinking visible, and that allow for divergent thinking. Also, these assessments must generate data that teachers, administrators, and policymakers can act upon.
It can be learned from Paragraph 2 that ________.
选项
A、manual skills are no longer requested in the labor market
B、the different literacy concept leads to a decline in labor-market demand
C、computers might free human beings from some rules-based work
D、non-rules-based tasks require special technical reading skills
答案
C
解析
根据题干可直接定位到文章第二段。其中该段第三句提到电脑可以取代入工做一些规律性的事情,C项“电脑可能让人类免于做一些规律性的工作”与此相符。故选C。第二段第二句提到,在劳动力市场中,需求量减少最多的是常规的认知技能,而不是手工技能,但并不表示手工技能没有需求了,所以A项错误。文化水平概念的不同导致的只是对日常认知技能需求量的减少,而不是对劳动力市场需求的减少。B项的说法过于宽泛。D项的non-rules-based tasks在第二段倒数第三句提到,该句表明跟国外制造商解释“没有规律”的任务更难,以此强调通过阅读技能获取知识已经不够了,而是要触类旁通,用新方法运用知识,D项中的require special technical reading skills为错误理解。
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/QDjRFFFM
0
考研英语二
相关试题推荐
Educationbeginswithteachers.Yetteachingseemstobelosingitsappealformanyofthebestandbrightestcollegestudents.
Animportantfactorofleadershipisattraction.Thisdoesnotmeanattractivenessintheordinarysense,forthatisabornqua
Animportantfactorofleadershipisattraction.Thisdoesnotmeanattractivenessintheordinarysense,forthatisabornqua
Animportantfactorofleadershipisattraction.Thisdoesnotmeanattractivenessintheordinarysense,forthatisabornqua
Animportantfactorofleadershipisattraction.Thisdoesnotmeanattractivenessintheordinarysense,forthatisabornqua
Thelongestbullruninacenturyofart-markethistoryendedonadramaticnotewithasaleof56worksbyDamienHirst,Beauti
JudithVogtli,directorofanupstateNewYork-basedabstinence(thepracticeofrefrainingfromsex,alcohol,etc)organizationc
JudithVogtli,directorofanupstateNewYork-basedabstinence(thepracticeofrefrainingfromsex,alcohol,etc)organizationc
随机试题
在Word2003的“编辑”菜单中不包括“定位”命令。()
少阳头痛可选用下列哪组引经药
患者男性,35岁,体重65kg,以“右肩疼痛、肿胀、无力1天”为主诉入院。术前诊断为右肩关节损伤,拟在全身麻醉关节镜下行右肩关节盂韧带及盂唇缝合术。患者既往无心、肺等相关病史,无药物过敏史。心电图检查示窦性心律,胸部X线片未见异常,其他实验室指标均未见异常
搞好合同实施控制的关键是()。
某企业于2015年12月31日购入一项固定资产,其原价为300万元,预计使用年限为5年,预计净残值为0.8万元,采用双倍余额递减法计提折旧。2016年度该项固定资产应计提的年折旧额为()万元。
素有“坐地传情”之赞誉的是()。
在“大萧条”的年代,是凯恩斯指出了市场失灵的可能性,也是凯恩斯给出了应对之方:政府增加开支,创造有效需求。这个今日天经地义的政策,70年前却是_________的言论,称它为一场“革命”,毫不为过。对于凯恩斯的新理论,当时学术界_________,西方各国
(2017江苏)在日益开放的市场经济活动中,无论是来自城市还是来自农村的市场参与者,都被抛进不断更新的陌生空间中。市场的交易主体、交易行为、交易制度和交易商品,都在日新月异地变化着。尤其是考虑到经济生活信息化和网络化,市场经济的陌生关系就呈现出更为复杂的状
A、 B、 C、 C要确认今天下午还有没有日程安排的反意疑问句。问句中提到you,用it来回答的(A)项是含主语错误的错误选项:回答表示失望的(B)是和问题内容无关的回答,同时还使用了和问句中的appointment相似
Thegiraffesurvivesinpartbecauseitcanreachthevegetationinthehighbranchesoftrees,whereotheranimals______.
最新回复
(
0
)