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Which is NOT a factor indicated for the likely extinction of some languages?
Which is NOT a factor indicated for the likely extinction of some languages?
admin
2021-03-19
31
问题
Which is NOT a factor indicated for the likely extinction of some languages?
While approximately 7,000 languages are spoken in the world today, only about half are expected to survive this century. A number of factors contribute to this loss: increasing globalization, which pushes countries and individuals to shift to national or international languages for economic reasons; lack of support for regional languages in educational systems and mass media; persecution of minority linguistic groups by governments and disruption of communities during war and emigration.
It is difficult to predict the future for any particular language. While some minority languages will thrive for generations to come, many of the world’s languages are moving towards extinction within a generation.
One stressor that may be the tipping point for some communities is climate change. Many small linguistic communities are located on islands and coastlines vulnerable to hurricanes and a rise in sea levels. Other communities are settled on lands where increases in temperature and fluctuations in precipitation can threaten traditional farming and fishing practices.
These changes will force communities to relocate, creating climate change refugees. The resultant dispersal of people will lead to the splintering of linguistic communities and increased contact with other languages. These changes will place additional pressures on languages that are already struggling to survive.
When a language is lost, the result can be a loss of identity, one that may impact the health and vitality of a community for generations to come. The importance of the connection between language and identity can be seen here in Canada.
The loss of a language is also a loss of data needed to better understand human cognition, as happens when a language disappears before its structures and patterns have been documented. It is a loss of knowledge about the world as well, as when descriptive names for plants or practices — still unknown outside a local area — are forgotten.
选项
A、It is expected that most of them will still exist till the next century.
B、All the minority languages are more prone to extinction than others.
C、Contact with other languages inevitably leads to language extinction.
D、Climate change may quicken the extinction of those languages already endangered.
答案
D
解析
语义的理解与判断。根据原文“only about half are expected to survive this century”可知,预计本世纪以后现存的语言只有一半能继续被使用,而选项A所述为,据估计大部分现存语言在下个世纪还会存在,与原文不符,故A选项错误。根据原文“While some minority languages will thrive for generations to come, many of the world’s languages are moving towards extinction within a generation”可知,有些少数民族语言能长久地存在,而世界上许多语言可能在这一代就走向灭绝,而选项B所述为,所有的少数民族语言都更容易灭绝,与原文不符,故B选项错误。根据原文“…increased contact with other languages. These changes will place additional pressures on languages that are already struggling to survive”可知,包括与其他语言接触在内的这些变化会给语言的存在增加压力,但不是一定会导致语言的灭绝,与选项C所述不符,故C选项错误,与选项D所述相符,故应选择选项D。
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