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  3. The word science is heard so often in modem times that almost everybody has some notion of its meaning. On the other hand, its d

The word science is heard so often in modem times that almost everybody has some notion of its meaning. On the other hand, its d

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问题     The word science is heard so often in modem times that almost everybody has some notion of its meaning. On the other hand, its definition is difficult for many people. The meaning of the term is confused, but everyone should understand its meaning and objectives. Just to make the explanation as simple as possible, suppose science is defined as classified knowledge (facts).
    Even in the true sciences distinguishing fact from fiction is not always easy. For this reason great care should be taken to distinguish between beliefs and truths. There is no danger as long as a clear difference is made between temporary and proved explanations. For example, hypotheses and theories are attempts to explain natural phenomena. From these positions the scientist continues to experiment and observe until they are proved or discredited. The exact status of any explanation should be clearly labeled to avoid confusion.
    The objectives of science are primarily the discovery and the subsequent understanding of the unknown. Man cannot be satisfied with recognizing that secrets exist in nature or that questions are unanswerable; he must solve them. Toward that end specialists in the field of biology and related fields of interest are directing much of their time and energy.
    Actually, two basic approaches lead to the discovery of new information. One, aims at satisfying curiosity, is referred to as pure science. The other is aimed at using knowledge for specific purposes for instance, improving health, raising standards of living, or creating new consumer products. In this case knowledge is put to economic use. Such an approach is referred to as applied science.
    Sometimes practical-minded people miss the point of pure science in thinking only of its immediate application for economic rewards. Chemists responsible for many of the discoveries could hardly have anticipated that their findings would one day result in applications of such a practical nature as those directly related to life and death. The discovery of one bit of information opens the door to the discovery of another. Some discoveries seem so simple that one is amazed they were not made years ago; however, one should remember that the construction of the microscope had to precede the discovery of the cell. The host of scientists dedicating their lives to pure science are not apologetic about ignoring the practical side of their discoveries; they know from experience that most knowledge is eventually applied.
The example of the invention of a microscope demonstrates that pure science______.
选项 A、is not always as practical as applied science
B、necessarily comes after applied science
C、may cause a multitude of immediate result if properly made use of
D、necessarily emerges from applied science
答案C
解析 推理判断题。从全文内容看，作者力图说明，pure science is the basis of applied science．可见，只有在光学的理论指导下才能制造出显微镜，只有有了显微镜，才能去发现细胞。请参阅最后一段倒数第二句，Some discoveries seem．．precede the discovery of the cell．句中precede意为come(go)before．…可见C为正确答案。A “理论科学没有应用科学实用”；文章最后一段作者就表明了理论科学是应用科学的基础，所以A
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