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  3. Someone has calculated that by the time an American reaches the age of 40, he or she has been exposed to one million ads. Anothe

Someone has calculated that by the time an American reaches the age of 40, he or she has been exposed to one million ads. Anothe

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问题     Someone has calculated that by the time an American reaches the age of 40, he or she has been exposed to one million ads. Another estimate is that we have encountered more than 600,000 ads by the time we reach the age of only 18. Now, of course, we don’t remember what exactly they said or even what the product was, but a composite message gets through: that you deserve the best, that you should have it now, and that it’s okay to indulge yourself, because you deserve the compliments, sex appeal, or adventure you are going to get as a result of buying this car or those cigarettes.
    Our consumer-based economy makes two absolutely reciprocal psychological demands on its members. On the one hand, you need the "discipline" values to ensure that people will be good workers and lead orderly, law-abiding lives. On the other hand, you need the "enjoy yourself" messages to get people to be good consumers. One author was disturbed about the "enjoy yourself" side, but acknowledged that "without a means of stimulating mass consumption, the very structure of our business enterprise would collapse."
    The interesting question has to do with the psychological consequences of the discrepancy between the dual messages. The "discipline" or "traditional values" theme demands that one compartment of the personality have a will strong enough to keep the individual doing unpleasant work at low wages, or to stay in an unhappy marriage, and, in general, to do things for the good of the commonwealth.
    The "enjoy yourself" message, on the other hand, tends to encourage a very different kind of personality-one that is self-centered, based on impulse, and is unwilling to delay rewards. As an illustration, I can’t resist reciting one of my favorite ads of all time, an ad from a psychology magazine: "I love me. I’m just a good friend to myself. And I like to do what makes me feel good. I used to sit around, putting things off till tomorrow. Tomorrow I’ll drink champagne, and buy a set of pearls, and pick up that new stereo. But now I live my dreams today, not tomorrow."
    So what happens to us as we take in these opposing messages, as we are, in fact, torn between the opposite personality types that our society seems to require of us? Tile result is anxiety, fear, and a mysterious dread. The fear of being sucked in and dragged down by our consumer culture is real: the credit card company is not friendly when you default on your bills. And we all know that the path of pleasure-seeking and blind acquisition is a recipe for financial ruin-for most of us, anyway-and that, in American society, there isn’t much of a safety net to catch you if you fall.
选项 A、pervasive
B、successful
C、convincing
D、impressive
答案A
解析 本题是推论题。根据第1段，一般美国人到40岁为止，接触了100万条广告。另外一条估计是，我们刚满18岁就接触了60万条广告，由此可见美国广告的普遍深入程度，故正确答案为pervasive。convincing令人信服的，impressive给人深刻印象的。
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考研英语一

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