2. 外语
  3. In 1919 Britain experienced its largest ever reduction in industrial working hours, to 48 per week. In Dowie’s view the 48-hour

In 1919 Britain experienced its largest ever reduction in industrial working hours, to 48 per week. In Dowie’s view the 48-hour

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问题     In 1919 Britain experienced its largest ever reduction in industrial working hours, to 48 per week. In Dowie’s view the 48-hour week played a central role in Britain’s poor economic performance during the 1920s. Dowie argued that the reduction, together with rapid wage growth, drove up prices. However, Greasly and Oxley found that the First World War (1914-1918) constituted a more powerful negative macroeconomic shock to Britain’s competitiveness. And Scott argues that Dowie’s thesis ignores considerable evidence that hourly productivity improves when hours are reduced from a high base level. Crucially, Dowie’s thesis does not acknowledge that hours were reduced to around 48 hours a week for industrial workers in most industrialized nations at this time so far—undermining any potential impact of reduced hours on industrial productivity relative to other nations.
It can be inferred from the passage that in the view of Greasley and Oxley
选项 A、a reduced workweek was ultimately beneficial to employees
B、the economic effects of the reduction in working hours in 1919 were brief
C、Britain became less economically competitive in the 1920s
D、reduced working hours were the primary cause of the economic changes observed by Dowie
E、the changes in economic performance in Britain in the 1920s were unforeseen
答案C
解析 根据第四句的negative macroeconomic shock to Britain’s competitiveness可知，格里斯利和奥克斯利认为英国经济在1920年代的竞争力下滑，因此选项C正确。A项与格里斯利和奥克斯利的观点相反。B项尽管格里斯利和奥克斯利确实认为工时减少对经济下滑的影响有限。但是看不出这种影响是否短暂(brief)。D项与格里斯利和奥克斯利的观点相反。E项文中未提及。
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