For decades, posters depicting rabbits with inflamed, reddened eyes symbolized campaigns against the testing of cosmetics on ani

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问题     For decades, posters depicting rabbits with inflamed, reddened eyes symbolized campaigns against the testing of cosmetics on animals. Now the most severe of those【C1】______are to be banned across the European Union.
    The so-called Draize tests are a series of notorious procedures【C2】______involve applying cosmetics ingredients【C3】______the eyes and skin of live laboratory rabbits. The animals’ reactions are【C4】______to assess whether the【C5】______is an irritant or not. However, on April 27 the independent scientific advisory committee of the European Center for the Validation of Alternative Methods(ECVAM)approved a series of humane【C6】______.
    Two of these alternative tests use waste animal tissue reclaimed from slaughterhouses to replace live animals and test【C7】______ chemicals might severely irritate the eyes. Two more will 【C8】______live animals with in vitro cell cultures for determining whether【C9】______irritate the skin. A fifth alterative test, 【C10】______identify whether chemicals will cause skin allergies , will spare hundreds of thousands of mice a year.
    These humane alternatives have been available【C11】______commercial use for years, but to enforce their use, ECVAM has had to show they are as【C12】______as or better than the procedures on live animals they are to replace. Now【C13】______the committee has validated the alternatives, 【C14】______ will become illegal under the European Cosmetics Directive【C15】______cosmetic companies to continue to use live animals, and regulatory authorities in 【C16】______member state will be forced to outlaw their use.
    【C17】______these changes, cosmetics companies will still be allowed to【C18】______relatively mild chemicals on the eyes of live animals until further alternative tests are approved, or until 2009, 【C19】______most cosmetic tests on live animals will be banned in Europe, regardless of【C20】______alternatives have been approved or not.
【C17】

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答案Despite

解析 本句意为“尽管有这些变化,但是…”。根据上下文,此空应填让步状语从句的引导词“Despite”。
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