首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Society was fascinated by science and things scientific in the nineteenth century. Great breakthroughs in engineering, the use o
Society was fascinated by science and things scientific in the nineteenth century. Great breakthroughs in engineering, the use o
admin
2010-06-30
35
问题
Society was fascinated by science and things scientific in the nineteenth century. Great breakthroughs in engineering, the use of steam power, and electricity were there for all to see, enjoy, and suffer. Science was fashionable and it is not surprising that, during this great period of industrial development, scientific methods should be applied to the activities of man, particularly to those involved in the processes of production. Towards the end of the nineteenth century international competition began to make itself felt. The three industrial giants of the day, Germany, America, and Great Britain, began to find that there was a limit to the purchasing power of the previously apparently inexhaustible markets. Science and competition therefore provided the means and the need to improve industrial efficiency.
Frederick Winslow Taylor is generally acknowledged as being the father of the scientific management approach, as a result of the publication of his book. The Principles of Scientific Management, published in 1911. However, numerous other academics and practitioners had been actively applying such approaches since the beginning of the century. Charles Babbage, and English academic, well-known for his invention of the mechanical computer (with the aid of a government grant as long as 1820) applied himself to the costing of processes, using scientific methods, and indeed might well be recognized as one of the fathers of cost accounting. Taylor was of well-to-do background and received an excellent education but, partly owing to troubles with his eyesight, decided to become an engineering apprentice. He spent some twenty-five years in the tough, sometimes brutal, environment of the US steel industry and carefully studied methods of work when he eventually attained supervisory status. He made various significant innovations in the area of steel processing, but his claim to fame is through his application of methods of science to methods of work, and his personal efforts that proved they could succeed in a hostile environment.
In 1901, Taylor left the steel industry and spent the rest of his life trying to promote the principles of managing scientifically and emphasizing the human aspects of the method, over the slavedriving methods common in his day. He died in 1915, leaving a huge school of followers to promote his approach worldwide.
Taylor’s scientific management method was described as ______.
选项
A、scientific and human
B、efficient but slave-driving
C、academic but practicable
D、brutal but highly successful
答案
A
解析
具体题。从文章的第三段第一句可看出,泰勒强调管理的科学性和人文因素(如老板和工人对工作的兴趣和积极性),而不是当时普遍的赶鸭式的劳动方法。 emphasize A over B意为“与A相比更强调B”。slave-driving意为“严厉的监管和使工人过度工作”。B项意为“有效但赶鸭式的”,与文章内容不符。C项意为“学究气但实用的”,不具体。D项意为“残忍的但很成功”,与文章内容相矛盾。
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/MCnsFFFM
本试题收录于:
公共英语四级笔试题库公共英语(PETS)分类
0
公共英语四级笔试
公共英语(PETS)
相关试题推荐
A=BOOK1B=BOOK2C=BOOK3D=BOOK4Whichbook(s)say(s)that...theclimateaffectsthefuturesustainableagricu
WorldleadersmetrecentlyatUnitedNationsheadquartersinNewYorkCitytodiscusstheenvironmentalissuesraisedattheRio
ShortagesoffluvaccinearenothingnewinAmerica,butthisyear’sisawhopper.Untillastweek,itappearedthat100million
ShortagesoffluvaccinearenothingnewinAmerica,butthisyear’sisawhopper.Untillastweek,itappearedthat100million
Themostobviouspurposeofadvertisingistoinformtheconsumerofavailableproductsorservices.Thesecond【C1】______isto
TheissueofonlineprivacyintheInternetagefoundnewurgencyfollowingtheSept.11terroristattacks,sparkingdebateover
"Themoregadgetsthereare,the【C1】______thingsseemtoget."saidHonoreErvin,co-authorofTheEtiquetteGirls:ThingsYou
Whatdoesthemanthinkofthegovernment’spresentproposalaboutbuildingmorepowerstationsinthecountry?
Somedoctorsaretakinganunusualnewapproachtocommunicatebetterwithpatients—theyareletting【C1】______readthenotestha
Between1852,when【C1】______wasfirstestablishedthatMountEverestwasthehighestmountainonearth,and1953,whenEdmundHi
随机试题
生态适宜性评价以()为评价单元。
三平衡是指以信用证为对象,根据信用证所规定的货物装船期和信用证有效期的远近,并结合货源情况和运输能力,分别轻重缓急,力求做到()的衔接和综合平衡,保证出口合同的顺利履行。
位于甲省某市区的一家建筑企业为增值税一般纳税人,在乙省某市区提供写字楼和桥梁建造业务,2019年8月具体经营业务如下:(1)该建筑企业对写字楼建造业务选择一般计税方法。按照工程进度及合同约定,本月取得含税金额3000万元并给业主开具了增值税专用发票。由于
案例:在信息技术课上,王老师在学生制作多媒体作品前,提出了作品的评价标准,包括主题内容、技术应用、版面设计等,并给出每项标准的分数和要求学生达到的分数。这时有学生提出:“老师,我的技术差,做得慢,肯定得不了多少分。但是,我认真学了,认真
丁晓兵,武警驻无锡某团政委。他曾在丛林中冒着炮火艰难前行,创造了感天动地的英雄事迹;他更在平凡工作中朝着新的目标执著前进,诠释着“时代先锋”的深刻内涵。面对身体残疾和工作压力,丁晓兵乐观豁达,积极向上,昂扬奋斗,迎难克难。不论职务怎样变化,丁晓兵始终把为人
给定资料1.2015年年底至2016年4月期间,刚刚搬到新校址的某外国语学校部分学生不断出现各种不良反应和疾病。学生家长调查发现,学校北面有一片工地,原本有三家化工厂,化工厂生产的大量氯苯、环芳烃、汞、镉等污染物严重超标,导致所在地块成为“毒地”。近年
计算机有望代替老师的想法是:学生们对所教科目的理解在于他们知道事实和规则,老师的工作就是使事实和规则明确化,并通过做练习或者教授方法把它们传授给学生。如果大脑确实是那样运行的话,教师可以把事实和规则输进计算机,计算机就可以作为教练和教官代替教师。但是既然理
按照西周的法律规定,已婚女子不被夫家休弃的情形有()
从总体X~N(0,σ2)中抽得简单样本X1,…,Xn+m,求
A、Themanwantstobuyatable.B、Themancametothecafealone.C、Thetablebythewindowisfreeforanyone.D、Thetablebyt
最新回复
(
0
)