首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
This is not a good time to be foreign. Anti-immigrant parties are gaining ground in Europe. Britain has been fretting this week
This is not a good time to be foreign. Anti-immigrant parties are gaining ground in Europe. Britain has been fretting this week
admin
2013-03-26
31
问题
This is not a good time to be foreign. Anti-immigrant parties are gaining ground in Europe. Britain has been fretting this week over lapses in its border controls. In America Barack Obama has failed to deliver the immigration reform he promised, and Republican presidential candidates would rather electrify the border fence with Mexico than educate the children of illegal aliens. America educates foreign scientists in its universities and then expels them, a policy the mayor of New York calls "national suicide".
This illiberal turn in attitudes to migration is no surprise. It is the result of cyclical economic gloom combined with a secular rise in pressure on rich countries’ borders. But governments now weighing up whether or not to try to slam the door should consider another factor; the growing economic importance of Diasporas, and the contribution they can make to a country’s economic growth.
Diaspora networks—of Huguenots, Scots, Jews and many others—have always been a potent economic force, but the cheapness and ease of modern travel has made them larger and more numerous than ever before. There are now 215m first-generation migrants around the world: that’s 3% of the world’s population. If they were a nation, it would be a little larger than Brazil. There are more Chinese people living outside China than there are French people in France. Some 22m Indians are scattered all over the globe. Small concentrations of ethnic and linguistic groups have always been found in surprising places—Lebanese in West Africa, Japanese in Brazil and Welsh in Patagonia , for instance—but they have been joined by newer ones, such as west Africans in southern China.
These networks of kinship and language make it easier to do business across borders. Theyspeed the flow of information. Trust matters, especially in emerging markets where the rule of law is weak. So does a knowledge of the local culture. And modern communications make these networks an even more powerful tool of business.
Diasporas also help spread ideas. Many of the emerging world’s brightest minds are educated at Western universities. An increasing number go home, taking with them both knowledge and contacts. Indian computer scientists in Bangalore bounce ideas constantly off their Indian friends in Silicon Valley. China’s technology industry is dominated by "sea turtles" (Chinese who have lived a-broad and returned).
Diasporas spread money, too. Migrants into rich countries not only send cash to their families; they also help companies in their host country operate in their home country. A Harvard Business School study shows that, American companies that employ lots of ethnic Chinese people find it much easier to set up in China without a joint venture with a local firm.
Such arguments are unlikely to make much headway against hostility towards immigrants in rich countries. Fury against foreigners is usually based on two (mutually incompatible) notions; that because so many migrants claim welfare they are a drain on the public purse; and that because they are prepared to work harder for less pay they will depress the wages of those at the bottom of the pile. The first is usually not true (in Britain, for instance, immigrants claim benefits less than indigenous people do) , and the second is hard to establish either way. Some studies do indeed suggest that competition from unskilled immigrants depresses the wages of unskilled locals. But others find this effect to be small or non-existent.
Nor is it possible to establish the impact of migration on overall growth. The sums are simply too difficult. Yet there are good reasons for believing that it is likely to be positive. Migrants tend to be hard-working and innovative. That spurs productivity and company formation. A recent study carried out by Duke University showed that, while immigrants make up an eighth of America’s population , they founded a quarter of the country’s technology and engineering firms. And, by linking the West with emerging markets, Diasporas help rich countries to plug into fast-growing economies.
Rich countries are thus likely to benefit from looser immigration policy; and fears that poor countries will suffer as a result of a "brain drain" are overblown. The prospect of working abroad spurs more people to acquire valuable skills, and not all subsequently emigrate. Skilled migrants send money home, and they often return to set up new businesses. One study found that unless they lose more than 20% of their university graduates, the brain drain makes poor countries richer.
The word " Diaspora" in this passage means______.
选项
A、the movement of the Jewish people away from their own country to live and work in other countries
B、the movement of people from any nation or group away from their own country
C、any group that has been dispersed outside its traditional homeland
D、a dispersion of an originally homogeneous entity, such as a language or culture
答案
B
解析
词义推断题。文中第三段讲到“Diaspora”是潜在的“economic force”,接着讲到由于交通便宜便捷,“:Diaspora”的数量日益增加。之后指出第一代“immigrants”人数超过巴西人口,并给出例子说在国外的中国人数量多;印度人分散在世界各地;西非聚集着黎巴嫩人,巴西聚集着日本人,巴塔哥尼亚聚集着威尔士人,中国南方有西非人聚集,这些都表明“Diaspora”与“migration”同义,即the movement of persons from one country or locality to another。因此正确答案选B。
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/LlwUFFFM
本试题收录于:
翻译硕士(翻译硕士英语)题库专业硕士分类
0
翻译硕士(翻译硕士英语)
专业硕士
相关试题推荐
Theperiodoflimitation
nuclearproliferation
researchethics
foreign-exchangereserves
Althoughanydestructionofvitaminscausedbyfoodirradiationcouldbe______theuseofdietsupplements,theremaybenopro
"You______borrowmynotesprovidedyoutakecareofthem",Itoldmyfriend.
Thereseemstobeno______thereadingpublic’sthirstforbooksaboutthe1960s:indeed,thenormallevelofinteresthas____
______ofourpersonalrhythms,mostofushaveaproductiveperiodbetween10a.m.andnoon,whenthestomach,pancreas,spleen
Globalwarmingwasonceanuncommontermusedbyafewscientistswhoweregrowingconcernedovertheeffectsofdecadesofpoll
"You______borrowmynotesprovidedyoutakecareofthem,"Itoldmyfriend.
随机试题
月经周期的长短取决于下列何项因素
下列各项不属于环境保护基本原则的是()。
3G的网络结构大致由()几部分组成。
背景资料:某公司中标修建城市新建主干道,全长为2.5km,双向四车道。其结构从下至上为:20cm厚石灰稳定碎石底基层,38cm厚水泥稳定碎石基层,8cm厚粗粒式沥青混合料底面层,6cm厚中粒式沥青混合料中面层,4cm厚细粒式沥青混合料表面层。
适用于行政机关、团体向公众宣布重要事项的告知性文件,称为()。
简述梭伦改革的内容与意义。(湖南师范大学2013年历史学综合真题)
简述情绪情感的区别及其联系。(山东师范大学)
扶持农业发展我们必须加大对农业的支持力度。采取符合世贸组织规则的措施,努力维护农民利益。增加对农业和农村基础设施建设投资,改善生产生活条件和生态环境。重点支持节水灌溉、人畜饮水、农村沼气、农村水电、乡村道路和草场围栏等设施建设。要在农业科研、技术
A为三阶实对称矩阵,A的秩为2,且(1)求A的特征值与特征向量.(2)求矩阵A.
在SQL语句定义查询范围时,谓词in可以用来查找属性值属于指定集合的元组,它实现“【】”运算。
最新回复
(
0
)