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  3. 　　The amount of heat Earth traps has roughly doubled since 2005, contributing to more rapidly warming oceans, air and land. "The

　　The amount of heat Earth traps has roughly doubled since 2005, contributing to more rapidly warming oceans, air and land. "The

admin2022-02-15  3
问题 　　The amount of heat Earth traps has roughly doubled since 2005, contributing to more rapidly warming oceans, air and land. "The magnitude of the increase is unprecedented," said Norman Loeb, a NASA scientist and lead author of the study. "The Earth is warming faster than expected. "
　　Using satellite data, researchers measured what is known as Earth’s energy imbalance—the difference between how much energy the planet absorbs from the sun, and how much it is able to shed, or radiate back out into space. When there is a positive imbalance—Earth absorbing more heat than it is losing—it is a first step toward global warming, said Stuart Evans, a climate scientist at the University at Buffalo.
　　That imbalance roughly doubled between 2005 and 2019, the study found. "It is a massive amount of energy," said Gregory Johnson, an oceanographer for NOAA’s Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory. The energy increase is equivalent to every person on Earth using 20 electric tea kettles at once.
　　Oceans absorb most of that heat, about 90 percent. When researchers compared satellite data to temperature readings from a system of ocean sensors, they found a similar pattern. The agreement between the data sets surpassed expectations, Loeb said, calling it the " nail in the coffin " for the imbalance results.
　　The biggest outstanding question is what is driving the acceleration. The study points to decreases in cloud cover and sea ice, which reflect solar energy back into space, and an increase in greenhouse gases emitted by humans as well as water vapor, which trap more heat in the Earth, as factors in the imbalance. But it is difficult to discern human-induced changes from cyclical variations in the climate, the researchers said.
　　But, Johnson says, that doesn’t let humans off the hook. "We’re responsible for some of it, "he said. It’s just unclear how much. Kevin Trenberth, a distinguished scholar at the National Center of Atmospheric Research, said the results of the study aren’t particularly surprising given these climatic variations. But 15 years is not enough time to establish a trend, he said. That too is unclear, Johnson said. The imbalance could shrink in some years compared to others, he said, but the general trajectory appears to be upward. "The longer we observe it," he said, "the more certain we become of the trend. "
　　Regardless of the magnitude or reasons for the accelerated imbalance, the fact that it is positive is crucial, said Trenberth. "The fact that it’s positive means that global heating is happening. "
The electric tea kettles are mentioned in Paragraph 3 to_________.
选项 A、make a contrast
B、make an analogy
C、illustrate the reason for global warming
D、emphasize the harmfulness of electric tea kettles
答案B
解析 例证题。根据题干可定位至第三段最后一句，例证题的答案应在其前面找，由前文强调这种热量不平衡翻了一番可知，作者是想通过电茶壶的例子说明增加的能量之大，因此是作类比，选项B正确，选项A排除；选项C是指文中第五段的细节性内容，故排除；文中提到电茶壶是为了作类比，而不是说电茶壶具有危害性，故选项D排除。
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