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Music means different things to different people and sometimes even different things to the same person at different moments of

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问题     Music means different things to different people and sometimes even different things to the same person at different moments of his life. It might be poetic, philosophical, sensual, or mathematical, but in any case it must, in my view, have something to do with the soul of the human being. Hence it is metaphysical; but the means of expression is purely and exclusively physical: sound. I believe it is precisely this permanent coexistence of metaphysical message through physical means that is the strength of music. 【F1】It is also the reason why when we try to describe music with words, all we can do is articulate our reactions to it, and not grasp music itself.
    Beethoven’s importance in music has been principally defined by the revolutionary nature of his compositions. He freed music from hitherto prevailing conventions of harmony and structure. Sometimes I feel in his late works a will to break all signs of continuity. The music is abrupt and seemingly disconnected, as in the last piano sonata. In musical expression, he did not feel restrained by the weight of convention.【F2】By all accounts he was a freethinking person, and a courageous one, and I find courage an essential quality for the understanding, let alone the performance, of his works.
    This courageous attitude in fact becomes a requirement for the performers of Beethoven’s music. His compositions demand the performer to show courage, for example in the use of dynamics.【F3】Beethoven’s habit of increasing the volume with an extreme intensity and then abruptly following it with a sudden soft passage was only rarely used by composers before him.
    Beethoven was a deeply political man in the broadest sense of the word. He was not interested in daily politics, but concerned with questions of moral behavior and the larger questions of right and wrong affecting the entire society.【F4】Especially significant was his view of freedom, which, for him, was associated with the rights and responsibilities of the individual: he advocated freedom of thought and of personal expression.
    Beethoven’s music tends to move from chaos to order as if order were an imperative of human existence. For him, order does not result from forgetting or ignoring the disorders that plague our existence; order is a necessary development, an improvement that may lead to the Greek ideal of spiritual elevation. It is not by chance that the Funeral March is not the last movement of the Eroica Symphony, but the second, so that suffering does not have the last word.【F5】One could interpret much of the work of Beethoven by saying that suffering is inevitable, but the courage to fight it renders life worth living.
【F2】
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答案人们都认为，贝多芬是一个思想自由、充满勇气的人，依我所见，若要理解其作品则必须要抓住勇气这一本质特点，在演奏其作品时更应如此。
解析 第一个分句中by all acounts意为“据大家所说”，可以调整表达，翻译为“人们都认为”，该分句的主干顺译即可，其中he指代“贝多芬”，one指代person。这一部分可以翻译为“贝多芬是一个思想自由、充满勇气的人”。第二个分句中，I find courage an essential quality可以理解为“我发现勇气是一个本质特点”，结合后面的for the understanding of his work“为了理解其作品”可以译为“要理解其作品则必须要抓住勇气这一本质特点”。插入语let alone the performance接的宾语也是“他的作品”，可放到句末翻译。
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