2. 考研
  3. In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 1 — 5, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to

In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 1 — 5, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to

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问题 In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 1 — 5, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices which you do not need to use.
    Most people may drink only two litres of water a day, but they consume about 3,000 if the water that goes into their food is taken into account. The rich swallow up far more, since they tend to eat more meat, which takes far more water to produce than grains. So as the world’s population grows and incomes rise, farmers will if they use today’s methods—need a great deal more water to keep everyone fed. Yet in many farming regions, water is scarce and likely to get scarcer as global warming worsens. The world is facing not so much a food crisis as a water crisis.
    The solution, Colin Chartres(IWMI’s director-general)and others contend, is more efficient use of water or, as the sloganeers put it, "more crop per drop". Farming accounts for roughly 70% of human water consumption. So when water starts to run out, farming tends to offer the best potential for thrift. 【R1】______.
    The pressing need is to make water go further. 【R2】______. Yet there are many even cheaper ways to save water. As much as 70% of water used by farmers never gets to crops, perhaps lost through leaky irrigation channels or by draining into rivers or groundwater. Investment in drip irrigation, or simply repairing the worst leaks, could bring huge savings.
【R3】______.
    But efficient use of water, cautions Pasquale Steduto of the United Nations’ Food and Agriculture Organization, is just one step to better agricultural yields. 【R4】______.
    Raising yields does not always involve greater water consumption, especially when farms are inefficient. 【R5】______. That is more acceptable than the rigid alternative: giving up meat and other thirsty products altogether.
[A]It would take little extra water to double cereal output in many parts of Africa. IWMI reckons that some three-quarters of the extra food the world needs could be provided simply by bringing yields in poor countries closer to those of rich ones.
[B]Similarly, rice farmers can sharply cut water consumption by flooding rice field only some of the time. Wheat growers in hot places such as India and Australia can conserve water by minimizing tilling, leaving a layer of mulch on the fields’ surface to absorb rainwater and limit evaporation.
[C]Antoine Frerot, the head of the water division of Veolia Environnement, a French firm, promotes recycling, whereby city wastewater is treated until it can be used in industry or agriculture. This costs about a third less than desalination(脱盐作用), and cuts pollution.
[D]Raising water productivity means raising yields per unit of water consumed, though with declining yield growth globally, the attention has shifted to potential offered by improved management of water resources.
[E]By promoting small-scale irrigation and drainage, greater efficiency will be achieved in the use of water, hence increasing productivity and raising crop yields. Farmer associations and cooperatives will be encouraged to develop and maintain irrigation schemes in order to increase production.
[F]Even if farmers use the right amount of water they also need decent seeds and enough fertilizer. In Africa in particular, these and other factors such as pest control, storage and distribution are a bigger drag on yields than a shortage of water.
[G]But governments, whether to win votes or to protect the poor, rarely charge farmers a market price for water. So they are usually more wasteful than other consumers—even though the value they create from the water is often less than households or industry would be willing to pay for it.
【R5】
选项
答案A
解析 本空格位于第六段中间，空格上文重申增产不一定要多耗水；空格下句thatis more acceptable为解题关键，that必定在空格处有所提及。再根据第六段语篇分析中对that内容的推测(满足人类对食物的需求)，初步锁定答案为[A]。[A]项指出：非洲国家粮食增产只需多耗少量的水就可满足世界人口的需求(这样人们就无需放弃肉和其它耗水产品)，与上下文衔接自然。此外，该选项中的Africa和poor countries正好呼应上句的farms are inefficient(农场低效)，因此为正确答案。
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