2. 外语
  3. A close analogy to a study design is the rough sketch made by an artist before he commits his vision to canvas(画布). The broad ou

A close analogy to a study design is the rough sketch made by an artist before he commits his vision to canvas(画布). The broad ou

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问题     A close analogy to a study design is the rough sketch made by an artist before he commits his vision to canvas(画布). The broad outlines are drawn, the proper perspective achieved, and the total impact of the picture-to-be can be partially appreciated in advance. So it is with the design of research: it specifies in advance the kinds of statements that can be made on the basis of its findings and fixes the perspectives against which these findings are to be evaluated.
    One major purpose of this study was to demonstrate whether or not the newer social research techniques could help in broadening and deepening knowledge concerning juvenile delinquency(少年犯罪). Construction of the design was guided by this goal of exploring new methods in the analysis of juvenile delinquency. However, research technique developed in one content area can not be mechanically transferred to another. A new application of them requires substantial changes and it is these innovative modifications which this study offers as its contribution.
    Juvenile delinquency has been the subject of many previous studies using a variety of research techniques. This study makes an additional contribution by using a design specially planned to permit a comparison of several approaches.
    The drawing up of the study design profited greatly from an extensive survey of previous re searches on crime, undertaken during the earliest stage of the project. It was found that most studies could be classified as belonging to one or more of three broadly conceived types: social background study, family background study and personal motivation study.
    Each type has its characteristic design and mode of interpretation and each has produced information of considerable importance. Yet not attempt was made in any of ’the studies to integrate one or more of these three design types. It became apparent that one of the major contributions a pilot study could make to both method and substantive findings would be to bring all three study types together in one design for the purpose of correlating(使相互关联) their findings and evaluating their relative importance in producing data of use to the practitioner.
The word "project "(Line 2, Para. 4) refers to" _______".
选项 A、a comprehensive study of juvenile delinquency
B、a full exploration of research designs
C、an extensive research on crime
D、a further investigation into new research techniques
答案A
解析 语义理解题。首先在第四段第一句中找到project，然后根据上下文进行理解。这句话是说，the study design的拟成在很大程度上得益于an extensive survey of previous researches on crime，而这些previous researches on crime在the project的最初阶段被作者采用。因此the project是指作者进行的study，extensive就是comprehensive(广泛的，综合的)。上文提到，该研究是针对juvenile delinquency的。综合看来，选项A符合上下文语境。
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