2. 外语
  3. It is no secret among athletes that in order to improve performance you’ve got to work hard. However, hard training breaks you d

It is no secret among athletes that in order to improve performance you’ve got to work hard. However, hard training breaks you d

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问题     It is no secret among athletes that in order to improve performance you’ve got to work hard. However, hard training breaks you down and makes you weaker. It is rest that makes you stronger. Improvement only occurs during the rest period following hard training. This adaptation is accomplished by improving efficiency of the heart and certain systems within the muscle cells. During recovery periods these systems build to greater levels to compensate for the stress that you have applied. The result is that you are now at a higher level of performance.
    If sufficient rest is not included in a training program, imbalance between excess training and inadequate rest will occur, and performance will decline. The "overtraining syndrome(综合征)" is the name given to the collection of emotional, behavioral, and physical symptoms due to overtraining that has persisted for weeks to months. It is marked by cumulative exhaustion that persists even after recovery periods.
    The most common symptom is fatigue. This may limit workouts and may be present at rest.
    The athlete may also become moody, easily irritated, have altered sleep patterns, become depressed, or lose the competitive desire and enthusiasm for the sport, some will report decreased appetite and weight loss. Physical symptoms include persistent muscular soreness, increased frequency of viral (病毒性的)illnesses, and increased incidence of injuries.
    The treatment for the overtraining syndrome is rest. The longer the overtraining has occurred, the more rest required. Therefore, early detection is very important. If the overtraining has only occurred for a short period of time(e. g 3 — 4 weeks)then interrupting training for 3 — 5 days is usually sufficient rest. It is important that the factors that lead to overtraining be identified and corrected. Otherwise, the overtraining syndrome is likely to recur. The overtraining syndrome should be considered in any athlete who manifests symptoms of prolonged fatigue and whose performance has leveled off or decreased. It is important to exclude any underlying illness that may be responsible for the fatigue.
What does the passage tell us about the "overtraining" syndrome?
选项 A、It occurs when athletes lose interest in sports.
B、It appears right after a hard training session.
C、The fatigue it results in is unavoidable in the athlete’s training process.
D、It manifests itself in fatigue which lingers even after a recovery period.
答案D
解析 根据文章第二段最后一句“It is marked by cumulative exhaustion that persists even after recovery periods．”可知，过度训练综合征的标志是恢复期过后依然持续精疲力竭。据此判断，答案是D。
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