2. 考研
  3. The invention of both labor-saving tools and tools of intelligence is rarely accidental. Instead, it is usually the product of h

The invention of both labor-saving tools and tools of intelligence is rarely accidental. Instead, it is usually the product of h

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问题      The invention of both labor-saving tools and tools of intelligence is rarely accidental. Instead, it is usually the product of human need; (21) is truly the mother of invention. People usually devise tools to (22) for natural deficiencies. For example, people invented weapons to defend (23) from physically superior (24) . But (25) is only one incentive for inventions. People also invent (26) tools to (27) certain established tasks more efficiently. For instance, people developed the bow and arrow from the (28) spear or javelin in order to shoot (29) and strike with greater strength.
    (30) civilizations developed, greater work efficiency came to be demanded, and (31) tools became more (32) . A tool would (33) a function until it proved (34) in meeting human needs, at which point an improvement would be made. One impetus for invention has always been the (35) for speed and high-quality results--provided they are achieved (36) reasonable costs. Stone pebbles were sufficient to account for small quantities of possessions, (37) they were not efficient enough for performing sophisticated mathematics. However, beads arranged systematically evolved into the abacus. The (38) of this tool can be (39) to the development of commerce in the East around 3000 B.C., and the abacus is known (40) by the ancient Babylonians, Egyptians, Chinese, etc.

选项 A、deserted
B、existing
C、withering
D、outdated
答案B
解析 本题测试词义辨析。deserted意为“为人抛弃的，荒芜的”；existing意为“存在的，原有的”，指目前存在的；withered意为“枯萎的，凋谢的”；outdated意为“过时的，不流行的”。根据the bow and arrow(弓和箭)和spear or javelin(矛或标枪)之间的关系可知，应该选B。
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