The English Renaissance The English Renaissance dates from the late 15 th and early 16th centuries to the early 17th centur

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问题                          The English Renaissance
    The English Renaissance dates from the late 15 th and early 16th
centuries to the early 17th century. The beginning is often taken as
1485 , when the Wars of the Roses ended.
    The Elizabethan period in the second half of the 16th century is the
【T1】of the English Renaissance.【T1】______
I. Literature
1. English literature increased as the【T2】became common.【T2】______
2. Theatre: for the court, nobility and【T3】【T3】______
—giant figures: Christopher Marlowe, Shakespeare, Ben Johnson
II. Visual arts
1. England was【T4】to produce Renaissance style visual arts, and【T4】______
the artists were mainly imported foreigners until after the end of the
Renaissance.
2. The English Reformation produced a huge programme of iconoclasm
that destroyed the【T5】art.【T5】______
3. English art was to be dominated by【T6】, and then later【T6】______
landscape art.
III. Architecture
1. A true Renaissance style emerged until the Elizabethan times.
2. The Elizabethan architecture was influenced more by【T7】than【T7】______
Italy.
3. The buildings are large show houses constructed for courtiers.
4. Church architecture continued in a late【T8】style until the【T8】______
Reformation.
IV. Criticism on the Renaissance
1. The word "Renaissance" was considered as an unnecessarily loaded
word that implies an unambiguously positive【T9】from the【T9】______
supposedly more primitive Middle Ages.
2. Instead they prefer to use the term " early modern" that
【T10】the period as a transitional one that led to the modern【T10】______
world.
【T9】
The English Renaissance
    Good morning, everybody. Today we are going to talk about the so-called English Renaissance. The English Renaissance was a cultural and artistic movement in England dating from the late 15th and early 16th centuries to the early 17th century.
    The beginning of the English Renaissance is often taken as 1485, when the Battle of Bosworth Field ended the Wars of the Roses and inaugurated the Tudor Dynasty. But Renaissance styles and ideas were slow in penetrating England,(1)and the Elizabethan period in the second half of the 16th century is usually regarded as the height of the English Renaissance.
    Firstly, literature.(2)England had a long strong tradition of literature in the English vernacular, which gradually increased as the printing press became common by the mid-16th century.
    (3)The English theatre scene, which performed both for the court and nobility in private performances, and a very wide public in the theatres, was the most crowded in Europe, with a host of other playwrights as well as the giant figures of Christopher Marlowe, Shakespeare and Ben Jonson. Elizabeth herself was a product of Renaissance humanism trained by Roger Ascham, and wrote occasional poems at critical moments of her life.
    The second we turn to is visual arts.(4)England was very slow to produce visual arts in Renaissance styles, and the artists of the Tudor court were mainly imported foreigners until after the end of the Renaissance.(5)The English Reformation produced a huge programme of iconoclasm that destroyed almost all medieval religious art, and all but ended the skill of painting in England.(6)English art was to be dominated by portraiture, and then later landscape art, for centuries to come.
    Architecture is also prosperous during the Renaissance. Despite some buildings in a partly Renaissance style from the reign of Henry VIII,(7)it was not until the Elizabethan architecture of the end of the century that a true Renaissance style emerged, influenced far more by Northern Europe than Italy. The most famous buildings are large show houses constructed for courtiers, and characterized by the lavish use of glass.(8)Church architecture essentially continued in a late Gothic style until the Reformation, and then stopped almost completely.
    (9)Historians have begun to consider the word "Renaissance" as an unnecessarily loaded word that implies an unambiguously positive "rebirth" from the supposedly more primitive Middle Ages.(10)Many historians and cultural historians now prefer to use the term "early modern" for this period, a term that highlights the period as a transitional one that led to the modern world, but attempts to avoid positive or negative connotations.
    That’s all for today’s lecture.

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答案rebirth

解析 本题为细节题。讲座最后是对英国文艺复兴的评价:Historians have begun toconsider the word“Renaissance”as an unnecessarily loaded word that implies anunambiguously positive“rebirth”from the supposedly more primitive Middle Ages.即历史学家认为“Renaissance(文艺复兴)”这个词承载了多余的意思,清楚地暗含了更远古的中世纪的文艺的“rebirth(重生)”。因此填入rebirth。
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