首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
A hundred years ago it was assumed and scientifically "proved" by economists that the laws of society made it necessary to have
A hundred years ago it was assumed and scientifically "proved" by economists that the laws of society made it necessary to have
admin
2010-06-17
67
问题
A hundred years ago it was assumed and scientifically "proved" by economists that the laws of society made it necessary to have a vast army of poor and jobless people in order to keep the economy going. Today, hardly anybody would dare to voice this principle. It is generally accepted that nobody should be excluded from the wealth of the nation, either by the laws of nature or by those of society. (46)
The opinions, which were current a hundred years ago, that the poor owed their conditions to their ignorance, lack of responsibility, are outdated.
In all Western industrialized countries, a system of insurance has been introduced which guarantees everyone a minimum of subsistence(生活维持费) in case of unemployment, sickness and old age. I would go one step further and argue that, even if these conditions are not present, everyone has the right to receive the means to subsist(维持生活), in other words, he can claim this subsistence minimum without having to have any "reason". (47)
I would suggest, however, that it should be limited to a definite period of time, let’s say two years, so as to avoid the encouraging of an abnormal attitude which refuses an), kind of social obligation.
This may sound like a fantastic proposal, but so, I think our insurance system would have sounded to people a hundred years ago. The main objection to such a scheme would be that if each person were entitled to receive minimum support, people would not work. (48)
This assumption rests on the fallacy of the inherent laziness in human nature; actually, aside from abnormally lazy people, there would be very few who would not want to earn more than the minimum, and who would prefer to do nothing rather than work.
(49)
However, the suspicions against a system of guaranteed subsistence minimum are not groundless from the standpoint of those who want to use ownership of capital for the purpose of forcing others to accept the work conditions they offer.
If nobody were forced to accept work in order not to starve, work would have to be sufficiently interesting and attractive to induce one to accept it. Freedom of contract is possible only if both parties are free to accept and reject it; in the present capitalist system this is not the case.
(50)
But such a system would not only be the beginning of real freedom of contract between employers and employees; its principal advantage would be the improvement of freedom in interpersonal relationships in every sphere of daily life.
选项
答案
然而,有些人想利用资本所有权来迫使其他人接受他们提供的工作条件。从这种人的立场来看,对最低生活保障制度持怀疑态度不是没有道理的。
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/I7RRFFFM
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
Poets,songwritersandpoliticianshatetheidea,butfordecadesopinion-pollevidencehasbeenclear;moneybuyshappinessand
Youhavetoquityourcurrentjobduetopersonalreasons.Pleasewritearesignationletterto1)explainyourreasonsforleav
Retrofittinghousestouselessenergyshouldbeano-brainerforhomeowners.【C1】________time,moneyspentonwaystoreducehea
Insomecountrieswhereracialprejudiceisacute,violencehassocometobetakenforgrantedasameansofsolvingdifference
WhenThomasKeller,oneofAmerica’sforemostchefs,announcedthatonSept.1sthewouldabolishthepracticeoftippingatPer
Innovationiskeytobusinesssurvival,andcompaniesputsubstantialresourcesintoinspiringemployeestodevelopnewideas.T
Byeducation,Imeantheinfluenceoftheenvironmentupontheindividualtoproduceapermanentchangeinthehabitsofbehavio
AnewbookbyaformerlawyeratKirkland&Ellis,oneofthenation’slargestlawfirms,hasdeliveredathrilltothealready
Writeanessaybasedonthefollowingchart.Inyourwriting,youshould1)interpretthechart,and2)giveyourcomments.You
Accordingtowhatyouhavejustsaid,amItounderstandthathisnewpost______noresponsibilitywithitatall?
随机试题
对处于充油电气设备(如高压电流、电压互感器)附近的电缆,应埋地、穿管敷设。()
Johnwokeupinthemiddleofthenightandsawsomethingwhite【21】hisgarden.Itseemed【22】towardsthehouse."That【23】ath
人参与黄芪功效的共同点,下列哪项是错误的
右侧卵巢静脉汇入
多发性骨髓瘤的表现,哪项是错误的?()
下列关于对于查询人员的要求的表述,正确的是()。
下列支出可以列入产品成本的是( )。
设,B是3阶非零矩阵,且AB=O,则Ax=0的通解是_______.
TaskOne-Aim•Forquestions13-17,matchtheextractswiththeaims,listedA-H.•Foreachextract,choosetheaimofthewo
ArecentstudybytheCenterforEconomicPolicyResearchsaysthat,inordertoeaseimbalances,theEuropeanUnionneedstoma
最新回复
(
0
)