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  3. The persistent haze over many of our cities is a reminder of the polluted air that we breathe. Over 80% of the world’s urban pop

The persistent haze over many of our cities is a reminder of the polluted air that we breathe. Over 80% of the world’s urban pop

admin2021-01-08  15
问题    The persistent haze over many of our cities is a reminder of the polluted air that we breathe. Over 80% of the world’s urban population is breathing air that fails to meet World Health Organisation guidelines, and an estimated 4.5 million people died【C1】______from outdoor air pollution in 2015.
   Globally, urban populations are expected to double in the next 40 years, and an extra 2 billion people will need new places to live, as well as services and ways to move around their cities. What is more important, the decisions that we make now about the design of our cities will【C2】______the everyday lives and health of the coming generations. So what would a smog-free, or at least low-pollution, city be like?
   Traffic has become【C3】______with air pollution, and many countries intend to ban the sale of new petrol and diesel cars in the next two decades. But simply【C4】______to electric cars will not mean pollution-free cities. The level of emissions they cause will depend on how the electricity to run them is【C5】______, while brakes, tyres and roads all create tiny airborne【C6】______as they wear out.
   Across the developed world, car use is in decline as more people move to city centres, while young people especially are【C7】______for other means of travel. Researchers are already asking if motor vehicle use has reached its【C8】______and will decline, but transport planners have yet to catch up with this【C9】______, instead of laying new roads to tackle traffic jams. As users of London’s orbital M25 motorway will know, new roads rapidly fill with more traffic. In the US, studies have shown that doubling the size of a road can【C10】______double the traffic, taking us back to the starting point.
   A) alternate F) merged K) prematurely
   B) crown G) miniatures L) simply
   C) determine H) opting M) switching
   D) generated I) particles N) synonymous
   E) locating J) peak O) trend
【C2】
选项
答案C
解析 [语法判断]空格所在句的主语是the decisions，that we make now about the design of our cities是定语从句修饰主语，空格前面是will，空格后面是并列的名词短语the everyday lives and health of the coming generations，由此推断空格处应填入及物动词原形作谓语。[语义判断]空格前一句提到，在全球范围内，预计未来40年内城市人口将翻一番，另外20亿人口将需要新的居住地、服务以及在城市内出行的方式。紧接着空格所在句提到“我们现在做出的城市设计决策”和“未来几代人的日常生活和健康状况”，两者之间的关系通常是前者影响或决定后者，因此空格处应填入一个表示“影响”或“决定”的及物动词。备选词中符合以上要求的只有determine“决定”，由此确定答案为C)。
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