首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Eating when you’re not hungry—especially high-calorie, high-fat foods—may not always rise to the newly broadened clinical defini
Eating when you’re not hungry—especially high-calorie, high-fat foods—may not always rise to the newly broadened clinical defini
admin
2015-01-09
28
问题
Eating when you’re not hungry—especially high-calorie, high-fat foods—may not always rise to the newly broadened clinical definition of an eating disorder. But the behavior that for many Americans is a routine pastime certainly contributes to excess weight gain, with its implications for health. And it is considered "disordered eating" by most mental health professionals.
A study published Thursday in the journal Science adds to evidence that binge eating—and overeating generally may have a biological basis. The new research, conducted on mice, suggests a target in the brain that drug developers should consider in exploring treatments for such disordered eating.
Not surprisingly, researchers focused their attention on the hypothalamus, one of the brain’s most primitive structures, a key node in the brain circuitry that drives us to eat and drink, to seek out sexual partners, and generally to crave more of what makes us feel good. From its seat in the brain’s deepest recesses, the lateral hypothalamus is lashed up to the amygdala, where basic, powerful emotions such as fear, anger and love are processed.
As part of the limbic system, these structures evolved early in the rise of mammals to ensure that the necessities for survival and reproduction got top billing in behavior.
In the 1960s, neuroscientists electrically stimulated the lateral hypothalamus and saw that it played a key role in feeding behavior, and in the reinforcement of feeding behavior. But how it did that remained a mystery.
To explore how the lateral hypothalamus governs eating behavior, a group of researchers from the University of North Carolina used mice and a relatively new technique: To discern how certain cells work, they genetically engineered the cells to respond to light; then, they turned those cells on and off, essentially, with a miniature flashlight, and watched the resulting behavior.
The researchers applied the on-off treatment to a group of cells in the amygdala and their projections into the lateral hypothalamus. They hypothesized that the cells, called the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, interact with the hypothalamus to regulate eating.
Sure enough, when they "turned on" these unique cells in mice who were well fed, the result was rapid and striking: The animals immediately launched into "voracious feeding behavior". And the mice clearly enjoyed the impulse to pig out: They showed a clear preference for being in the space they associated with having the cells turned on.
Moreover, given the choice, the animals made a beeline to high-fat, high-calorie foods.
The trick worked more dramatically when the mice’s food was restricted and they were then allowed to eat at will. But even when the mice were well fed, those with the targeted cells turned on continued to eat well after they would have been filled up.
Research has suggested that stress, genes and environmental factors, such as the ubiquity of high-calorie, high-fat foods, all may trigger overeating. But if future therapies aim to fortify the vulnerable against those triggers, they might well focus on the special cells targeted here, the researchers said.
What does "pig out" mean in the eighth paragraph?
选项
A、Sleep soundly.
B、Eat greedily.
C、Lie down.
D、Howl angrily.
答案
B
解析
讲义题。由题干定位至第八段。该段第一、二句提到,“…mice who were well fed…The animalsimmediately launched into‘voracious feeding behavior’.And the mice clearly enjoyed the impulse to pigout.”。可知,这些老鼠被喂得很饱,很快进入“摄食行为”,即使不知道voracious一词的词义为“贪婪的,贪吃的”,也可以推测pig out的意思与“吃”有关,另外,由该段最后一句中的“clear preference”一词可知,这里指的是“贪食”,故选[B]。
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/HlsYFFFM
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
It’softendangeroustogeneralize,butunderthreat,IwouldsaythatAmericansaremore"downtheline."Theydon’thidethei
It’softendangeroustogeneralize,butunderthreat,IwouldsaythatAmericansaremore"downtheline."Theydon’thidethei
WhatsuggestiondoesMs.LiongivetothestudentsusingInternetasaninformationsource?
WhatsuggestiondoesMs.LiongivetothestudentsusingInternetasaninformationsource?
Cheatinginsportisasoldassportitself.TheathletesofancientGreeceusedpotionstofortifythemselvesbeforeacontest,
AccordingtoEllen,theincreasingdemandforhiringisdueto
Asmanyenvironmentalissuesarethreateningourhealthandlife,wefeelitimportanttoleadaneco-friendlylifetoprotectt
AdvertisingI.Thedefinitionofadvertising—【B1】______butencouragingpresentationofgoodsandservices【B1】______II.Theim
ForadevelopingcountrylikeIndiawhoseecologicalandsocio-economicsystemsarealreadyunderpressurefromrapidurbaniza
RobertBurnsisrememberedmainlyforhissongswritteninthe_____dialectonavarietyofsubjects.
随机试题
8421BCD码是最常用的二-十进制编码器。()
女,36岁。近2年来月经周期延长,闭经6个月。既往月经规律。查体:子宫及双侧附件未见明显异常,乳房挤压有乳汁分泌。盆腔B超未见异常。该患者最可能的诊断是()
某医生对一批计量、计数资料实验数据的假设检验,结果判定如下A.P>0.05B.P<0.05C.P<0.01D.P=0.05E.P=0.01
按服务范围和居民使用的频率,城市公共设施用地一般分成()。
关于对圆管涵在安装管节时的注意事项,不正确的是()。
普通股票在权利义务上不附加任何条件。()
实贷实付的根本目的()。
某软件生产企业2018年实发工资总额为1000万元,发生职工教育经费支出29万元,全部为职工培训费用;2019年实发工资总额1200万元,发生职工教育经费支出28万元,根据企业所得税法律制度的规定,该软件生产企业在计算2019年应纳税所得额时,准予扣除的职
Orchidsareuniqueinhavingthemosthighlydevelopedofallblossoms,inwhichtheusualmaleandfemalereproductiveorgansa
WhichofthefollowingsentencesisaCOMMAND?
最新回复
(
0
)