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  3. Once it was possible to define male and female roles easily by the division of labour. Men worked outside the home and earned th

Once it was possible to define male and female roles easily by the division of labour. Men worked outside the home and earned th

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问题     Once it was possible to define male and female roles easily by the division of labour. Men worked outside the home and earned the income to support their families, while women cooked the meals and took care of the home and the children. These roles were firmly fixed for most people, and there was not much opportunity for women to exchange their roles. But by the middle of this century, men’ s and women’ s roles were becoming less firmly fixed.
    In the 1950s, economic and social success was the goal of the typical American. But in the 1960s a new force developed called the counterculture. The people involved in this movement did not value the middle-class goals. The counterculture presented men and women with new role choices. Taking more interest in childcare, men began to share child-raising tasks with their wives. In fact, some young men and women moved to communal homes or farms where the economic and childcare responsibilities were shared equally by both sexes. In addition, many Americans did not value the traditional male role of soldier. Some young men refused to be drafted as soldiers to fight in the war in Vietnam.
    In terms of numbers, the counterculture was not a very large group of people. But its influence spread to many parts of American society. Working men of all classes began to change their economic and social patterns. Industrial workers and business executives alike cut down on "overtime" work so that they could spend more leisure time with their families. Some doctors, lawyers, and teachers turned away from high paying situations to practice their professions in poorer neighbourhoods.
    In the 1970s, the feminist movement, or women’s liberation, produced additional economic and social changes. Women of all ages and at all levels of society were entering the work force in greater numbers. Most of them still took traditional women’s jobs as public school teaching, nursing, and secretarial work. But some women began to enter traditionally male occupations: police work, banking, dentistry, and construction work. Women were asking for equal work, and equal opportunities for promotion.
    Today the experts generally agree that important changes are taking place in the roles of men and women. Naturally, there are difficulties in adjusting to these transformations. Many people appeal for the equality between men and women with the hope of transforming the traditional roles of men and women. Actually, the gender role in many countries is much better than before.
The best title for the passage may be______.
选项 A、Results of Feminist Movements
B、New Influence in American life
C、Counterculture and Its Consequences
D、Traditional Division of Male and Female Roles
答案B
解析 主旨概括题。本文主要讲了男女角色的转变及其这种转变对美国的影响，文章首先提到传统男女分工，其次讲到“反主流文化”的兴起及其影响，再次讲到“女权运动”，最后提到男女角色发展的现状。由此可知，A、C、D均片面，只有B选项New Influence in American life(美国生活中新的影响力)正确。因此，正确答案是B。
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