首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
The Aleuts, residing on several islands of the Aleutian Chain, the Pribilof Islands, and the Alaskan peninsula have possessed a
The Aleuts, residing on several islands of the Aleutian Chain, the Pribilof Islands, and the Alaskan peninsula have possessed a
admin
2013-11-29
29
问题
The Aleuts, residing on several islands of the Aleutian Chain, the Pribilof Islands, and the Alaskan peninsula have possessed a written language since 1825, when the Russian missionary Ivan Venation selected appropriate characters of the Cyrillic alphabet to represent Aleut speech sounds, recorded the main body of Aleut vocabulary and formulated grammatical rules. The Czarist Russian conquest of the proud, independent sea hunters was so devastatingly thorough that tribal traditions, even tribal memories, were almost obliterated. The slaughter of the majority of an adult generation was sufficient to destroy the continuity of tribal knowledge, which was dependent upon oral transmission. As a consequence, the Aleuts developed a fanatical devotion to their language as their only cultural heritage.
The Russian occupation placed a heavy linguistic burden on the Aleuts. Not only were they compelled to learn Russian to converse with their overseers and governors, but they had to learn Old Slavonic to take an active part in church services as well as to master the skill of reading and writing their own tongue. In 1867, when the United States purchased Alaska, the Aleuts were unable to break sharply with their immediate past and substitute English for any one of their three languages.
To communicants of the Russian Orthodox Church a knowledge of Slavonic remained vital as did Russian, the language in which one conversed with the clergy. The Aleuts came to regard English education as a device to wean them from their religious faith. The introduction of compulsory English schooling caused a minor renascence of Russian culture as the Aleut parents sought to counteract the influence of the schoolroom. The harsh life of the Russian colonial rule began to appear more happy and beautiful in retrospect.
Regulations forbidding instruction in any language other than English increased its unpopularity. The superficial alphabetical resemblance of Russian and Aleut linked the two tongues so closely that every restriction against teaching Russian was interpreted as an attempt to eradicate the Aleut tongue. From the wording of many regulations, it appears that American administrators often had not the slightest idea that the Aleuts were clandestinely reading and writing their own tongue or even had a written language of their own. To too many officials, anything in Cyrillic letters was Russian and something to be stamped out. Bitterness bred by abuses and the exploitations the Aleuts suffered from predatory American traders and adventurers kept alive the Aleut resentment against the language spoken by Americans.
Gradually despite the failure to emancipate the Aleuts from a sterile past by relating the Aleut and English languages more closely, the passage of years has assuaged the bitter misunderstandings and caused an orientation, away from Russian toward English as their second language, but Aleut continues to be the language that molds their thought and expression.
Why does the author mention that the Russians killed the majority of adult Aleuts?
选项
A、To explain the extreme loyalty Aleuts feel to their language.
B、To urge Russia to make restitution on the children of those killed.
C、To stir up outrage against the Russians for committing such atrocities.
D、To call attention to the immorality of foreign conquest.
答案
A
解析
俄国对阿留申人的屠杀导致了阿留申人对自己语言的狂热忠诚,作者提到屠杀一事就是为了解释阿留申人对自己语言的狂热忠诚的原因。
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/HWOYFFFM
0
考博英语
相关试题推荐
Themostnoticeabletrendamongtoday’smediacompaniesisverticalintegration—anattempttocontrolseveralrelatedaspects
Themostnoticeabletrendamongtoday’smediacompaniesisverticalintegration—anattempttocontrolseveralrelatedaspects
Oneofthemajordifferencesbetweenmanandhisclosestlivingrelativeis,ofcourse,thatthechimpanzeehasnotdevelopedth
ThehistoryofAfrican—Americansduringthepast4-00yearsistraditionallynarrated【1】anongoingstruggleagainst【2】andindiff
ThehistoryofAfrican—Americansduringthepast4-00yearsistraditionallynarrated【1】anongoingstruggleagainst【2】andindiff
ThehistoryofAfrican—Americansduringthepast4-00yearsistraditionallynarrated【1】anongoingstruggleagainst【2】andindiff
Forlaymenethnologyisthemostinterestingofthebiologicalsciencesfortheveryreasonthatitconcernsanimalsintheirno
Althoughthereareseveralvariationsontheexactformatthatworksheetscantake,theyareallsimilarintheir_____aspects.
Governmenthastraditionallybeenevaluatedintermsoftheireffectsinpromotingseveralprinciples.Wehaveseenthatoneof
随机试题
某国有企业甲企业有关事项如下:(1)出纳人员李某同时负责会计档案保管。(2)该企业业务收支活动以美元为主,采用美元作为记账本位币,财务会计报告也以美元列示。(3)该企业的会计机构负责人赵某为单位负责人范某的舅舅。(4
A.清胃泄热,降逆止呃B.顺气降逆,解郁和胃C.顺气降逆,清肝泻火D.顺气降逆,化痰和胃呃逆连声。情志不舒则加重,胸胁满闷,嗳气纳减,苔薄白,脉弦者,治宜选用
下列不属于××市中级人民法院管辖的第一审民事案件的是()。
治疗小儿惊风感受风邪证常用方剂是
建立客户选择与授信制度,应采取的措施有()。
我国中央银行公布的贷款基准利率是()。
下列选项中加下划线字的读音有误的一项是()。
汤显祖是明代著名的戏曲作家,()是其代表作。
Undertheteacher’sstern______,thelittleboybrokedownandconfessedtocheating.(2011年华东师范大学试题)
Itissaidthatanimmediatereviewofwhatyouhavelearnedwillhelpmakeyourknowledge______.
最新回复
(
0
)