首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Air pollution exists not only outdoor, but also indoor. It has great effects on people, and there are many measures taken to cor
Air pollution exists not only outdoor, but also indoor. It has great effects on people, and there are many measures taken to cor
admin
2011-01-02
31
问题
Air pollution exists not only outdoor, but also indoor. It has great effects on people, and there are many measures taken to correct the problem.
Ⅰ. Effects of air pollution
1)Different groups of individuals are affected by air pollution in different ways.
— Some individuals are more【1】______ to pollutants.
— Young children and elderly people suffer more.
— People with【2】______ suffer more.
2)The extent of air pollution effects on individuals depends on【3】______ to the damaging
chemicals.
3)Short-term effects
—【4】______ to the eyes, nose and throat
— upper respiratory infections
— headaches, nausea, and allergic reactions
4)Long-term effects
— chronic respiratory disease
— lung cancer
— heart disease
— damage to the brain, nerves, lives or kidneys
Ⅱ. Measure taken to control air pollution
1)The first step: assessment
— investigate outdoor air pollution
— develop standards for measuring the type and【5】______ of some air pollutants
— determine how much exposure to pollutants is【6】______
2)Steps to reduce exposure to air pollution
— outdoor air pollution
regulation of man-made pollution through【7】______ , which is usually done through a variety of【8】______ that monitor the air and the environment
prevention through regulation, and through personal, careful attention to【9】______ with the environment
— indoor air pollution
【10】______ to be reviewed for potential harmful effects
adequate ventilation
smoking to be restricted
【4】
Jazz
Jazz began in the early 20th century as a music of black Americans. It was intended for singing, dancing, and also for entertainment and atmosphere at parties or social gatherings.
The origin of the word "jazz" is not known, but the term came into common use after the first phonograph records of Jazz were made in 1917. Jazz represents a blending of musical elements from Africa and from Europe. Jazz uses some European ideas of harmony and melody, but the rhythms are more African in origin. It is usually said to be "syncopated", that is, it is irregular in rhythm. Besides this, there are many other rhythms in a piece of Jazz music around one basic rhythm. That is to say, it is polyrhythmic. Another important feature of jazz is improvisation. To improvise means to make something up on the impulse of the moment. This is the way jazz is usually played. Jazz musicians have learned to improvise so well that they can make up excellent melodies as they play. A good jazz soloist seldom plays anything the same way twice. Thus, listening to jazz is not like hearing a piece of music that was written long ago. It is like being there when the music is first being made.
A major step in the development of jazz was taken by the players in New Orleans. New Orleans jazz, sometimes called Dixieland, was a mixture of different elements. It had the deep emotion of American blues and Negro spiritual, as well as elements of European folk music. The New Orleans style involved improvising that was sometimes complex. Often seven or eight players would improvise at the same time. But the most notable new feature of New Orleans jazz was its more complicated rhythm.
In the 1940’s a new approach to jazz began to develop. It had been implied in the playing of Lester Young with the Count Basle band. Another important influence on early modern jazz was guitarist Charlie Christian, who. was strongly influenced by Lester Young. At first the new jazz was called bebop, and later, modern jazz. Many of the musical ideas of modern jazz were worked out at gatherings in which the players performed for their own amusement and instruction. Jazz musicians called these gatherings jam sessions. Modern jazz was more complex in harmony and melody than earlier styles of jazz. But a most outstanding feature was its new approach to rhythm. Not only did the players use new rhythms in making their melodies, but the drummers played in a more complex way.
By the late 1950’s many concert pieces had been written that included parts for jazz improvisation. These pieces usually took the form of a classical concerto with the jazzmen as soloists. Such works are referred to as parts of a "third stream" of music, the first two "!streams" of course being classical music and jazz.
Since the modern jazz of the 1940’s and 1950’s, jazz has taken another step in its development. This new development is something called "the new thing," or "free jazz." As in earlier major developments in jazz, "free jazz" is characterized by new freshness of rhythm. A whole group of players may change the tempo, or speed, of a piece several times during a performance without planning to do so beforehand. But this does not mean that the music is disorganized.
Now we can see that important changes in the development of jazz always include new. ideas of rhythm. The rhythm of New Orleans jazz was new, and so were the rhythm of modern jazz and free jazz. Louis Armstrong and Charlie Parker also brought new ideas of rhythm to jazz. Each style of jazz also had new ways of making melodies, new uses of harmony, and new ways of expressing emotion. Whenever a great player, such as Armstrong or Parker, appears, other players absorb his ideas. Each man then tries to develop those ideas in his own music, in his own way.
On its way of development, jazz has produced some of America’s leading singers, instrumentalists, and composers, It is continuing to develop. Today, jazz is considered by many to be America’s art music. It has also influenced almost every other kind of music in America, Europe and even the Orient.
选项
答案
irregular
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/GbuYFFFM
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
Theofficialresidenceofthe_____isatnumber10DowningStreet,London.
A、BecauseoftheClinton’sscandal.B、BecauseoftheBallotdebacle.C、Becauseofthedemocracy.D、BecauseBushwillbethepres
1 Divorceisoneofthosecreations,likefastfoodandliterock.thathavemorepeoplewillingtoindulgeinitthanpeoplewi
1 Divorceisoneofthosecreations,likefastfoodandliterock.thathavemorepeoplewillingtoindulgeinitthanpeoplewi
Asignificantnumberofpeopleseektoadoptchildrenfromothercountries,aprocessknownasinternationaladoption.Peoplese
RestrictingtheproblemofThirdWorldcountriestohungeralone—althoughnotallpeoplewholiveinpovertyarepermanentlysta
DreamFunctions Dreamingisacommonphenomenon.Practicallyallpeopledream,althoughwhethertheycan【1】________themisa
DreamFunctions Dreamingisacommonphenomenon.Practicallyallpeopledream,althoughwhethertheycan【1】________themisa
加入世贸组织,是中国对外开放的新起点。我们将在更大范围和更深程度上参与国际经济合作与竞争。中国将进一步向亚洲和世界开放,向各国的企业家、投资者开放。我们恪守入世承诺,有步骤地扩大开放领域,降低关税水平,取消非关税壁垒。我们也将不断完善法治,创造更加公平.透
随机试题
患者肢体关节疼痛重着,痛处不移,局部微肿,扪之无灼热感,四肢沉重,肌肤麻木,接近关节处尤为明显,舌淡胖、边有齿痕,苔白腻,脉濡缓,治当选用何方()(1992年第69题)
男,30岁,进行性四肢无力2天,进食呛咳1天,体检:神清,声低哑鼻音,双侧提腭差,咽反射消失,颈软,四肢肌张力低,肌力1~2级,腱反射(-),双侧肘膝以下针刺觉减退,跖反射无反应,克氏征(+)。临床上哪一种治疗措施较为有效
牙周基础治疗后,牙龈肥大增生仍未消退,适用的手术治疗方法为
某摩托车生产企业属于境内居民企业,为增值税一般纳税人。2016年度经主管税务机关核准结转以后年度弥补的亏损额为45万元;2017年度已预缴企业所得税540万元。2017年发生以下业务:(1)全年生产两轮摩托车200000辆,每辆生产成本0.28万元、市场
甲公司为增值税一般纳税人,甲公司2×16年2月1日购入需要安装的设备一台,取得的增值税专用发票上注明的设备价款为100万元,增值税进项税额为17万元。购买过程中,以银行存款支付运杂费等费用3万元。安装时,领用一批外购材料,成本为6万元,购进时的进项税额为1
投资银行与商业银行的区别之一在于,其经营不以盈利为目的。
Ah,blissfulsleep,whenweleaveourdailytoilsbehindandslipintomindlessrepose.Ordowe?(46)TworeportsinScience,on
Vitaminsdonotprovideenergy,nordotheyconstructorbuildanypartofthebody.Theyareneededfor______foodsintoenergy
Intherectangularcoordinatesystemabove,forhowmanyofthepointsthatlieinsideorontheboundaryoftheshadedregiona
IntroductoryLecturetoUniversityStudyInordertoadjustwelltouniversitylife,freshmenusuallyhavetounderstandtheorg
最新回复
(
0
)