2. 外语
  3. A person may have an idea about himself that will prevent him from doing good work. He may have the idea he is not capable of it

A person may have an idea about himself that will prevent him from doing good work. He may have the idea he is not capable of it

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问题     A person may have an idea about himself that will prevent him from doing good work. He may have the idea he is not capable of it. A child may think he is stupid because he does not understand how to make the most of his mental faculties, or he may accept another person’s mistaken estimate of his ability. Older people may be handicapped by the mistaken belief that they are incapable of learning anything new because of their age.
    A person who believes that he is incapable will not make a real effort, because he feels that it would be useless. He won’t go at a job with the confidence necessary for success. He is therefore likely to fail, and the failure will strengthen his belief in his incompetence.
    Alfred Adler, a famous doctor, had an experience which illustrates this. When he was a small boy he got off to poor start in arithmetic. His teacher got the idea that he had no ability in arithmetic, and told his parents what she thought in order that they would not expect too much of him. In this way, they too developed the idea, "Isn’t it too bad that Alfred can’t do arithmetic?" He accepted their mistaken estimate of his ability, felt that it was useless to try, and was very poor at arithmetic, just as they expected.
    One day Adler succeeded in solving a problem which none of the other students had been able to solve. This gave him confidence. He rejected the idea that he couldn t do arithmetic and was determined to show them that he could. His new found confidence stimulated him to go at arithmetic problems with a new spirit. He now worked with interest, determination, and purpose, and he soon became extraordinarily good at arithmetic.
    This experience made him realize that many people have more ability than they think they have, and that lack of success is as often the result of lack of knowledge of how to apply one’s ability, lack of confidence, and lack of determination as it is the result of lack of ability.
Adler’s experience made him realize that______.
选项 A、people are not as capable as they think
B、people can be more capable than they think
C、lack of knowledge leads to failure
D、lack of ability results in lack of determination
答案B
解析 本题是一道根据事实推断结论类问题。问阿德勒的经历使他认识到了什么。根据文章最后一段的内容，这一经历使他认识到，许多人的能力比他自己想象的要强得多，而缺乏成就感则常常是由于不大懂得怎样施展自己的才能，缺乏自信心和决心的结果自然是缺乏能力。因此，本题的正确答案应是B“人们可以比自己认为的更有能力”。
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